VARIOLA 
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the idea of inoculating some cattle with the matter produced in the 
pustules or tumours of typhus, and which they said bore some 
analogy to the small-pox. Dosden and Layard first attempted 
this inoculation in England*. Grashuis, Sandifort, Kopnam, 
Noseman, Camper, Munnicks, Bulow, Claus-Detlof, Bergius, 
Vicq-d’Azyr in Holland, Sweden, Mecklembourg and Zealand 
at different times ; and Messrs. Girard and Dupuy put them to 
the test in France in 1815. 
Like the inoculation of infants with the vaccine matter, and 
sheep with the matter of claveau, so the transmission of typhus 
in this way might expect to meet with many defenders, and 
many detractors. Opinions as contrary as they possibly could 
be have been advanced, but, thanks to the zeal and perseverance 
of Camper and Detlof, the inoculation with the matter of typhus 
has at length engaged the attention of the practitioners both of 
human and veterinary medicine. 
The advantages which are said to attach to it are, 1st, the 
transmission to the inoculated animal of a typhous affection, mild 
in its character and easily manageable at its first appearance. 
2d, The security of the inoculated animal from any future attack. 
3d, The diminution of the severity of the disease in the localities 
in which it is prevailing ; and, 4th, The preservation of thousands 
of beasts who would either become victims to the disease, or be 
destroyed in obedience to the sanitory laws. 
Are the advantages of this typhoid transmission incontestable ? 
If any epizootic of this character should break out among our 
cattle, ought the veterinary surgeon to propose to the authorities 
* The author of the Treatise oil Cattle gives the following account of these 
experiments : — 
“ Inoculation for this disease was tried by some celebrated agriculturists, 
and particularly by Sir William St. Quentin, of Serampton, in Yorkshire. 
Eight calves were inoculated, seven of which had the distemper and recovered, 
and were afterwards turned into a herd of infected cattle without being dis- 
eased a second time. 
“ He likewise inoculated an old ox, which had the distemper from inocula- 
tion, and recovered. This beast was afterwards turned into a herd of infected 
cattle, and continued in the pasture with them until they were all dead ; he 
was then put with another herd of infected cattle, but still he escaped. 
“ Dr. Layard produced some singular testimonies to this effect. He speaks 
of one farmer who had eight cows that survived the distemper in 1 746, 
and which, when the disease was again among his stock in 1749, 1755, 
and 1756, were in the midst of the sick cattle, lay with them in the same 
barns, ate of the same fodder, and even of such as the distempered beasts had 
left and slavered upon, drank after them, and constantly received their 
breath and steam, without being in the least affected. The farmers were 
so assured of this/that they were always ready to give an advanced price for 
those who recovered/’ 
“ Cattle” p. 38.9. 
