MEMOIR ON THE CASTRATION OF THE HORSE. 
47 
1 . West Indian Gingers. 
This division of gingers includes two sorts, Jamaica and Barbados, 
which may be taken as the types of all other sorts of ginger. Unlike 
the East Indian kinds, they are rarely wormy. 
1. JAMAICA Ginger ( radix zingiberis Jamaicensis). — The sort 
of Jamaica ginger now found in commerce was formerly called white 
ginger , to distinguish it from an unscraped sort, which was termed 
black ginger. The latter does not now occur in English commerce. 
Jamaica Ginger. 
Jamaica ginger is imported in barrels holding one cwt. each. It 
is a scraped or uncoated pale sort. When of fine quality it con- 
sists of large, branched, plump, and fleshy soft races, whose texture 
is fibrous and mealy, and which externally are yellowish white or 
pale buff, and internally, when cut, present a bright but pale tint. 
Inferior samples consist of small shrivelled races, which have an 
ash-grey tint externally, present a brownish colour internally when 
cut, and have a hard or flinty texture. Good Jamaica ginger yields 
a beautiful bright straw-yellow, somewhat huffy, powder. 
2. Barbados Ginger ( radix zingiberis Barbadensis). — This 
is imported in bags of about sixty or seventy pounds. It is an 
unscraped, or coated, somewhat pale sort. 
Barbados Ginger. 
Its races are shorter, less branched, flatter, and darker-coloured, 
than Jamaica ginger, and are covered with a corrugated epidermis. 
Pharmaceutical Journal. 
Foreign Extracts. 
Memoir on the Castration of the Horse. 
By M. Goux, Department Veterinary Surgeon at Agen. 
The question of castration remains no longer sub judice. In 
almost all civilized countries man has availed himself of this means 
of rendering the horse domi table and subservient to his purposes. 
It is true that castration robs horses of their animation, their beauty, 
their courage, their stamina; but then the manageability of geld- 
ings as compared with stallions is more than an offset against these 
