216 
REVIEW. 
readers to determine for themselves how often, or in what com- 
parative numbers, cases of the kind present themselves within 
their several spheres of practice and observation. 
French veterinarians give the name of typhoid affections to 
such continued severe fevers as, appearing under the sporadic, 
enzootic, or epizootic forms, are marked by a particular kind of 
stupor, by lesion, more or less observable, of the gastro-intestinal 
mucous lining, and frequently by an eruption of iaflammatory or 
gangrenous tumours, either spontaneous or the result of contagion. 
And they make a division of such affections into, 
1. Typhoid fever. 
2. Putrid or malignant fever. 
Typhus Fever, 
A disease touching which we (the Author) are in possession of 
but few observations, and one that has been, and still is, in our 
opinion, mistaken for and confounded with, either enteritis or gas- 
troenteritis, in cases, for example, in which its consequences are of 
little importance ; though, perhaps, with putrid fever, when, on the 
other hand, malignant and exhibiting extraordinary violence, its 
progress is rapid and its termination fatal. 
In its most benignant form, typhus fever, indeed, bears so great 
a resemblance to pure inflammation of the primary intestinal pas- 
sages, that it is often difficult, very difficult, even to distinguish 
them. 
As for the cause which occasions it to be confounded with putrid 
fever, it is no matter of astonishment to us, since in our opinion 
one fever possesses in many respects so great an analogy with the 
other; whilst typhus itself, through causes which remain latent up 
to the present hour, is, like the gastro-enteritis of 1825, dangerous, 
fatal, and epizootic. 
In general, typhus fever begins without any warning ; though 
there are times in which its approach is marked by dulness and 
weakness, and a manifestation of being easily fatigued, sweating 
through little exertion, &c. with loss of appetite. 
Of THE FIRST stage, the most remarkable symptoms are— 
either a yellow redness of the pituitary membrane, or a dryness, 
