PRESENT STATE OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. 323 
practice before the year 1815; but the great majority, we believe, 
are so disgusted with medical affairs, that they have refused to 
give their qualifications ; it is probable that a vast number (not 
including the host of illegal practitioners) are not mentioned in 
this Directory, and army and navy surgeons are not included. 
Some of our readers will think with us, that before the ministers 
introduced a medical bill, they should have obtained the qualifi- 
cations of all the practitioners in the united kingdom ; and this 
return might easily have been made, with very little expense, by 
the registrars of births, deaths, and marriages. 
The Provincial Directory contains the names of 8,380 prac- 
titioners, and they are thus qualified. Degrees : Lambeth 4, not 
including Sir C. Clarke. Oxford 14, of these 12 are M. D. and 2 
M. B. Cambridge 62; 44 of these M.D., 17 M.B., and 1 L.M. 
London 59 ; of these 25 M.D., 34 M.B. Dublin 24 ; of these 
M.D. 14, M.B. 9, L.K. and Q.C. 1. Edinburgh 535; and 211 
of these possess no other qualification. St. Andrew's 118 ; 
Glasgow 99; Aberdeen 64; Foreign degrees 103; London College 
of Surgeons and Apothecaries 3,698 ; College of Surgeons alone 
1127 ; Apothecaries Company alone 787; London Hall, College 
and Edinburgh Surgeons 9; London Hall and Edinburgh Surgeons 
60 ; London Hall College and Glasgow Surgeons 4; London Hall 
and College and Dublin Hall 4; London Hall and Glasgow 
Surgeons 10; London and Glasgow Surgeons 3; London and 
Edinburgh Surgeons 17 ; Edinburgh Surgeons alone 113; Dublin 
Surgeons alone 14 ; Glasgow Surgeons alone 32 ; London College 
of Physicians without any other named qualification 12; in practice 
before 1815, or diplomas not stated, 1408. The Irish diplomas 
amount to 42 ; the Scotch to 1064; the Foreign to 103; and 596 
are practising with Irish, Scotch, or Foreign qualifications alone. 
College of Physicians.— It is well to state that the licen- 
tiates and extra licentiates do not undergo the “same examination 
and the extra licentiates used not to average more than three 
yearly; but when Sir James Graham’s bill was proposed there was 
a rush made to the College of Physicians ; the candidates had but 
one examination, and that not of a very searching character ; 
inferior, we believe, to the examination of the Apothecaries’ Com- 
pany. Many of these extra licentiates are now in general practice 
and prepare their own medicines. We cannot state how much 
these gentlemen added to the empty coffers of the College. The 
192 licentiates and extra licentiates are thus qualified in addition 
to the license. Oxford 5, all Fellows of the College ; Cambridge 
22, 15 of these Fellows; M.B. not stated, 1 ; Berlin 1 ; Leyden 1 ; 
Edinburgh 31; London College and Hall 42; St. Andrews and 
London Hall and College 5 ; Aberdeen and London Hall and 
