504 REMOUNT OF CAVALRY IN INDIA. 
consequently are an expense and cause of weakness : the worst 
kind of revolt being the centaur form. None but worn out horses 
about the size of ponies are in use by or come within the means 
of the natives in general. A few opulent men ride, and a Patan 
or Seik may occasionally be seen driving a pair of horses. 
In Bicanere they plough with a camel, and one would suppose 
that in other parts mares would be used; but it is not so : the Hin- 
doos do not slaughter cattle, therefore oxen are innumerable, — are 
used in agriculture, as carriers of commerce, and in travelling, and 
in some parts camels also. 
Previous to the opening of the trade to India, stallions and a few 
mares were frequently sent out in the Honourable Company’s ships, 
subsequently less frequently in troop ships. Stallions are cheaper 
in England than any where else, and, with cost of transit, do not 
then exceed the cost of stallions procured elsewhere, excepting 
those, mostly unfit, that are purchased by the Stallion Committee in 
Calcutta. 
That the breed of horses has not been sufficiently kept up in the 
only way this could best have been done, I shall prove from the 
facts I shall quote. 
Lieut. Pigott, of the cavalry, in his Treatise on the Horses of 
India, wrote, “ Every horse above the size of an ordinary tattoo 
(pony), being most probably a degenerate foreigner, and the tattoo* 
only peculiar to the country.” The other horses he classed as “ Tar- 
tar, Persian, and Arabian, from which the others have sprung, hav- 
ing names from the provinces where they are bred. Tartar horses 
are called Toorkees, Arabian horses Tazees; Moojenis is bred from 
Toorkaman and Tazee, as the Persian horses, from which sprung 
the Jungle Tazee of the Punjab. The Tazees of the Dekan sprung 
from Arabians.” Toorkaman and Persian horses are of large size 
and substance, fifteen hands and a half high; Arabians, on the con- 
trary, are of small size and substance, frequently only thirteen 
hands one inch and a half high. When horses passing for Ara- 
bians are of large size and substance, the purity of their blood is 
doubtful, though such horses are known to be of equally high caste, 
i. e. Toorkaman ; and, like the English horse, their size and sub- 
stance arises from the same attention to the breed , difference of the 
climate , and feeding. 
The descendants of these different horses invariably follow in 
size and substance that of their progenitors ; every exertion, ex- 
cept weighing, like the French, has been made by zealous stud 
officers to increase their size by high feeding, not only at the 
home studs from birth, but in yearlings purchased from native 
breeders, whether bred from their own, or mares originally the 
* Description of, vide Buffon’s Natural History. 
