REMOUNT OF CAVALRY IN INDIA. 505 
property of the government; for instance, here is Mr. De L’Etang’s 
description of the Ganjam mare : — 
“ Almost all of the original mares of the Ganjam stud were 
Arab, Persian, Cutch, Cattywar, and Dukanee, procured from 
Bombay by an officer sent there for that purpose ; and the stal- 
lions, except a very few English ones, were all Arabs or Persians. 
On the Ganjam stud being done away in 1811, the best of the 
above mares and their produce, about three hundred and sixty, 
were transferred to Poosah : almost all the mares were distributed 
among the district breeders. They were, in general, rather small, 
but strong and compact, and shewed much blood. Most of them 
had very fine forehands and legs, but short quarters and drooping 
croups , with cal hams. A Ganjam mare is a very good conclusion 
to a pedigree, being the best description introduced into the stud, 
with the exception of the home stud or Poosah mares, which were 
not given out to native breeders, being superior to the district mares. 
Most of the former were imported English and Arab mares or their 
produce, some of them very fine mares indeed.” 
“ At the institution of the stud, Major Fraser purchased about 
three hundred mares for it, in the western provinces, of the fol- 
lowing breeds: — Punjabbee, Jungle, Tazee, Northern, Mahratta, 
Duknee, Magennis, and Toorkamanee. In 1811 a troop of the 
6th Cavalry were mounted on mares, when the experiment of 
working them with entire horses was abandoned : the best were 
distributed among the breeders. They were, in general, common 
country mares, of good size and bone, but coarse.” 
“ The cross between large stallions and Tangun mares was 
tried, and failed to produce strong compact little horses for the 
artillery.” Pigott described the Tangun like the “ Gowt, or Hill 
Toorkee, bred in the mountains of Thibet, is small and hardy, in 
height that of a pony, but with strength, bone, and bulk, far exceed- 
ing that proportion, insomuch as to fill a harness calculated in width 
for a horse fifteen hands high.” In the districts, the stallions were 
placed in circles of twenty-five mares. When one died, another 
was substituted. Mr. M'Gillavray, in his paper of June last, On 
the Hereditary Tendency, &c., stated the case of Dominic Samp- 
son; but, when he sees the description of Gangun mares, he will 
understand the horse fell into very bad company, and that had he tra- 
velled as our English stallions do, the defects in sire and dam might 
not thus have re-appeared, when put to mares free from cat hams, or 
of the opposite make. The stud officers were in this not to blame ; 
the system was ordered by the Board of Superintendence in Cal- 
cutta, who, not being physiologists, were not aware, though stud 
officers are, that such cases as those stated in an excellent paper 
by Mr. M'Gillavray, in September 1849, On the Reproductive- 
* VOL. XXIJI. 3 Y 
