THE DISCOVERY OF THE URINO-BILIARY CALCULUS. 527 
In respect to disease and casualties, taking their relative num- 
bers and the circumstances under which they have been placed 
into consideration, it does not appear to have been greater, or even 
so great, in regiments horsed from France as in those riding Barbs. 
The horses of Algiers are by no means suited for agricultural 
purposes, carried on as farming is in European countries. Until, 
however, such improved methods of tilling the land be introduced 
into Africa, they may serve such purposes as they are at present 
used for. 
M. Decroix is of opinion that the breed of Algerine horses might 
be improved by a cross with the French. He would recommend 
that horses of large size be exported from such parts of France as 
are contiguous to the African coasts ; but this must be done at the 
expense of the French, and should probably be done by the state, 
the Algerines themselves having no means of doing this. Also, he 
recommends that large mares be sent over — in preference to French 
entire horses — in order that they may be put to well-selected Barb 
stallions : an experiment, indeed, that has already been proved to 
succeed in the products of French mares cast out of the artillery 
and other regiments which have been purchased by the Algerines 
and covered by their own country stallions. 
Rec. de Med. Vet., Dec. 1849. 
The Discovery of the Urino-biliary Calculus. 
[From the Transactions of the Central Society of Veterinary Medicine of 
France for 1844-5-6.] 
The chemical analysis of concretions formed at the expense of 
the urinary principles, in the canine species, has already discovered 
to us that these morbid products may present divers compositions. 
A memoir published by us in 1828, in the Journal de Chimie 
Medicale, has shewn that all the vesical calculi found in dogs are 
comprisable under five species, so far as regards their constituent 
principles. 
We have recognised a similarity in composition between many 
calculi in dogs and in men. And does not this resemblance arise 
from the striking analogy existing between the different functions 
in man and certain animals so much like him in their organization 1 
If the former observations, published by us, at different periods, 
on this subject, have put veterinarians in possession of a know- 
ledge of the number of elementary substances entering into the 
composition of calculi, their different species and classification, ac- 
