48 
THE OPHTHALMIC GANGLION. 
Jl. The electricity of urine and bile varies even in the healthy 
state, and only accidentally corresponds with that of water and air. 
12. Urine is a bad conductor of electricity, and bile is a worse. 
13. Bile contains more electricity in the adult than in the 
young subject. 
14. Urine and bile retain the same degree of electricity for 
a considerable period after they have been removed from the 
body. 
15. The electricity of urine is increased by putrefaction. 
A fin. Univers. April 1827. 
THE OPHTHALMIC GANGLION. 
Some comparative anatomists, as Muck, Desmoulins, and 
especially Tiedemann, deny the existence of it. Bourgelat 
makes no mention of it ; nor does Cams. Girard alludes to it 
under the name of “the orbitary ganglion and Guilt figures 
it in his 101st plate. Cuvier, speaking of the nasal branch of 
the ophthalmic nerve, says that “ it divides into two ramifica- 
tions, one of which proceeds towards the optic nerve, unites 
with the small branch of the third pair, and by this union pro- 
duces a nervous enlargement called the lenticular or ophthalmic 
ganglion. This ganglion usually sends off the ciliary nerves 
disposed in two bundles. They are each composed of several 
filaments, which enter the globe of the eye obliquely*.” 
Describing the iris, he says, “It receives a great number of 
small ramifications from the ciliary nerves, which, after having 
perforated the sclerotica, and passed round the choroides longi- 
tudinally like ribbons, but without penetrating it, are lost in the 
irisf.” 
Mr. Percivall, in his excellent work on the Anatomy of the 
Horse, gives a different account of its origin. “ Upon the outer 
side of the optic nerve, between it and that part of the motor 
oculi, from which the branch nerves spring, is situated the 
ophthalmic gangliom. This little body is principally con- 
stituted of branches from the third pair, but it receives a filament 
or two from the sixth. The nervous threads .transmitted by the 
ganglion surround the sheath of the optic nerve, and, pursuing 
their course over it, penetrate the globe of the eye, and run to 
be dispersed upon the irisj.” 
Mr. Youatt, describing the nasal branch of the ophthalmic 
* Cuvier’s Comp. Anat. vol. ii, p. 206. f lb. p. 414. 
+ PercivalPs Anatomy of the Horse, p. 336. 
