108 
ANATOMY OF THE FOOT OF THE OX. 
nal part of the os coronae, and attaches itself to an eminence on 
its posterior external side. 
4th. The small anterior ligament takes its origin from a rough 
eminence at the inner and lower part of the large pastern, and 
passes to a tubercle situated on the upper and anterior part of 
the small pastern. 
5th. The internal lateral ligament, large and strong, leaves a 
depression at theinfero-internal part of the os suffraginis, passes 
downwards, and divides into two portions. The larger is attached 
to the superior and posterior part of the os coronae. The smaller 
is inserted into the internal part of the os pedis. 
6th. A firm ligamentous band, rising from the middle of the 
posterior part of the os suffraginis, is inserted into the external 
projection at the supero-posterior part of the os coronas with the 
conjunctive ligament. 
7th. The conjunctive ligament (so called from its connecting 
the pasterns together) is common to both pastern joints, and 
arises from the internal side of each os suffraginis, from whence it 
is continued to the joint, where it becomes lined with synovial 
membrane. After reaching the inferior part of the large pastern, 
it turns behind its inferior articulating surface, and, having 
become increased in size and firmer in substance, it forms a 
smooth surface for articulation with this bone. It is inserted 
into the outer-posterior projection of the os coronae. From the 
greater comparative size, from the number of ligaments, and from 
the insertions of tendons into the coronal bones, as well as from 
the greater surface of articulation presented by the inferior part 
of the large pastern, it is evident that the pastern joint is of much 
greater importance than in the horse. 
The coffin joint is formed by the adaptation of the small pas- 
tern with the navicular and coffin bones. Its ligaments are, 
1st. The capsular, which is attached to the edges of the articu- 
lating; surfaces of these bones. 
2d. The anterior ligament, which is fixed to the external part 
of the os coronae, and to the same part of the os pedis. All the 
other attachments of the joint are formed by the cartilago-liga- 
mentous heel, which is fixed to the posterior part of the os pedis. 
