271 
CONTRIBUTIONS TO COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY. 
No. V. 
By Mr. You att. 
Intestinal Fever and Ulceration. 
THE CHIMPANZEE belongs to the order Quadrumana, 
the genus Si mi a, and the sub-genus Troglodytes. From the 
colour of his harsh and scanty hair, he is called SimiaTroglodytes 
Niger, and, improperly, “ the black orang.” While the orang 
utan is of Asiatic birth, the chimpanzee is an inhabitant of the in- 
tertropical portion of Africa, and there alone has hitherto been 
found. He is, probably, the Barris,or great wild man of the African 
woods, of which vague and often incredible accounts have been 
given by travellers. Of his natural habits little is certainly 
known, although he was seen more than 300 years before the 
Christian sera, by Hanno, the Carthaginian, on one of the islands 
on the western coast of Africa. 
Several crania and skeletons of the young chimpanzee are 
found in various museums ; and the skeleton of an adult one is 
preserved in the private museum of Mr. Walker, of Curzon 
Street. The living ones that have reached Europe have been 
few in number, and have survived their arrival in Great Britain 
a very little while. They have all, like the young orangs, been 
mild and docile, and exhibited much affection for those who had 
the care of them ; but no opportunity has yet been given to as- 
certain, whether these pleasing qualities gave way in the adult 
animal, as in the orang, to “ unteachable obstinacy, and un- 
tameable ferocity.” The naturalist was very anxious that an 
opportunity might have been afforded of ascertaining this, by 
the preservation of the subject of the present contribution until 
it arrived at mature age ; but no one who had witnessed the de- 
structive influence of our climate on the quadrumana generally, 
dared to hope that this was possible. 
In several peculiarities of structure, the chimpanzee approaches 
much nearer to the human being than does the orang. Mr. 
Owen, the sub-curator of the Hunterian museum, and a most un- 
wearied and valuable contributor to our knowledge of compara- 
tive anatomy, has drawn, in the fourth part of the first volume 
of the Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, a very 
interesting comparison between the osteology of the chimpanzee 
and the orang with each other, and with man. He has proved that 
the structure of the former approaches much more nearly to that 
