ON TUBERCULAR PHTHISIS. 
413 
Kion or auscultation, lie injected certain irritating substances 
into the chest, which* produced inflammation and disorder, and 
well illustrated the different sounds recognized in the chest under 
different circumstances. 
Death is the natural termination of tubercular disease in 
the quadruped, as well as in man ; and the same lesions are 
discovered after death. The lungs are thickly set with tubercles, 
and also the membrane lining the nasal cavities, and the lym- 
phatic ganglions. These tubercles, also, are hard, softened, or 
ulcerated; they are isolated, or they form caverns of various 
sizes, as in man. There are also portions of the lungs more or 
less extensive which are hepatized. 
The disease is incurable, and therefore the author does not re- 
commend any particular treatment, being convinced of the inefli- 
cacy of all treatment ; he speaks only of the preservative means 
resulting from the crossing of different breeds, the manner of 
rearing, and of keeping and using the animals. 
The influence of crossing is not confined to the altered fleece, 
or form, or size of the sheep, but goes to the prevention of many 
diseases. The experiments of Bakevvell and of Daubenton have 
sufficiently established this. 
If tubercular phthisis is examined in the different orders of 
animals, it will be found that almost all the quadrumana perish 
by this disease. M. Richard had the opportunity of examining 
a female baboon that had belonged to a travelling menagerie. 
There were tuberculous concretions, some hard and others soft, 
in the liver, the spleen, and the kidneys ; the lungs were thickly 
set with them, and the anterior portion of the left lung was 
hepatized. Behind this induration was a vomica, containing 
purulent matter. The lymphatic ganglions, the bronchi, and the 
mesentery, were enlarged, and contained small softened tubercles. 
In September 1827, M. Richard examined a long-tailed 
green monkey, that had numerous tubercles. M. Duvernoy, 
Dean and Professor of Natural History at Strasbourg, who had 
dissected many apes, found numerous tubercles in their lungs and 
glands. He also observed, that although the carnivora were less 
subject than other animals to tubercular phthisis, dogs kept long- 
in kennels exhaling infectious miasmata, fell into a state of ma- 
rasmus and perished from tuberculous affection of the lungs. 
M. Dupuv reports many facts which prove that the hog is 
very subject to tubercular disease. He found hydatids in various 
organs ; and he affirmed that measles in this animal answered to 
tubercular affection in others, or was consequent upon it, or con- 
nected with it. 
After many reflections on tubercular phthisis in the horse, he 
says, that M. Dupuy was the first to co^ibat the error into which 
