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ON CASTRATING TUPS. 
By the same. 
May 14, 1841, I castrated twenty-five tups, the property of J. 
Hall, Esq., Schebercross. The animal being secured, 1 uncovered 
the testicle, and applied the clams on the cord above the epididy- 
mis. The clams being' fastened, the testicles were cut away 
from ten of them ; the others were left to be removed thirty hours 
afterwards. Two of the tups died on the next day. 1 had no 
opportunity of examining them, but learned that they had got 
away among the heath and rough ground, and thereby injured 
the parts so much as to cause their death. 
June 29, I castrated twenty-four tups, the property of Gabriel 
Reed, Esq., of Gordonbush : the clams were used, and the testi- 
cles immediately cut away. In every case they were all put on 
short pasture, and did well. 
1 have castrated horses and bulls with the clams for the last 
two years, and have never had an untoward case, with the two 
exceptions mentioned above. I think it preferable to remove the 
testicles of tups and bulls whenever the clams are fixed ; for by 
leaving the testicles unsupported by the scrotum, their weight 
may strain the spermatic cord, and cause peritonitis, and other 
unpleasant consequences. 
There is another, and I believe a safe, mode of castrating prac- 
tised by some shepherds in this county on the bull and the ram, 
by bruising or crushing the spermatic cord. The animal being 
secured, the cord is placed on a piece of wood, and beaten with a 
wooden mallet until it feels quite soft : the animal is then allowed 
to go at liberty, and no bad consequences follow, but the testicles 
become absorbed in eight or ten weeks. 
ACUTE DIARRHEA IN A COW. 
By the same. 
April 2G, 1841, I was called on to attend an Ayrshire cow, 
seven years old, at Dunrobin, the property of the Duke of Suther- 
land. This morning she was observed to purge violently. On 
my arrival I found her dull; rumination had ceased ; the anus 
was swollen and tender; there was a flabby enlargement under 
the submaxillary ; the extremities and horns were cold ; and the 
pulse GO. Abstract six quarts of blood, and administer an ape- 
rient of ol. ricini et pulv. opii ; also throw up enemata of thin 
