420 
BOVINE ANIMALS OF NORTH AFRICA. 
flesh proved to be rather coarse-grained ; but that stripped from 
the sides of the dorsal apophyses or hump, was excellent, and had 
the flavour of tongue. The skin was attempted to be preserved, 
but was destroyed by the rats. It was considered to be rather a 
rare animal. Should the above indications of it be confirmed, as 
I have no doubt they will, I propose that the species be denomi- 
nated Bos Atlantinus. It is not improbably the Empolunga of 
Purchas. 
The other wild bovine species is much commoner, and has 
also much of the bison in its general contour. Size that of 
Devon cattle, and colour red, with a flowing blackish mane 
(hence this animal is probably the Wadan of Capt. Lyon, if not 
also the Pacasse Ernpacasse, or Pegasus of different authors). Its 
horns are very long and spreading, in both sexes, but more so in 
the female, wherein they are also more slender. They ace cylin- 
drical, a little rugose towards the base, and directed outward and 
upward ; head not much unlike that of common cattle, with no 
curly hair on the forehead ; the ears of moderate size, and broad; 
and tail with its tuft reaching below the hock ; the hoofs are very 
black, and the secondary, or succentorial, short. There is little 
difference between the male and female in general aspect, but the 
calf is born of a whitish colour. The voice of this species much 
resembles that of common cattle ; but is considerably more power- 
ful. Its beef its excellent. They are occasionally seen solitarily, 
but more commonly in large herds, sometimes consisting of seve- 
ral hundreds At the rutting season in particular, which is about 
July, they are very fierce, and apt to attack without provocation. 
They feed in the night, and by day pass much of their time 
standing knee and belly deep in water, like our tame cattle in 
summer. Their coat has a wavy surface. This species is found 
about Rabat, and near Salee, on the Barbary coast. I have 
heard before of such an animal, and it appears to be tolerably 
common. 
. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London , 
part ix, 1841, p. t>4. 
