586 
Fishery Bulletin 99(4) 
Keister, P. Sean MacDonald, and our anonymous review- 
ers for thoughtful suggestions that improved the quality 
of this manuscript, and Steven Hare (International Pacific 
Halibut Commission) and Gary Walters (NMFS, AFSC) for 
providing near-bottom temperature data. 
Literature cited 
Anastacio, P. M., and J. C. Marques. 
1995. Population biology and production of the red swamp 
crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard) in the lower Mendego 
River Valley, Portugal. J. Crustacean Biol. 15(1):156-168. 
Azumaya, T., and K. Ohtani. 
1995. Effect of winter meteorological conditions on the for- 
mation of the cold bottom water in the eastern Bering Sea 
Shelf. J. Oceanogr. 51:665-680. 
Balsiger, J. W. 
1974. A computer simulation model for the eastern Bering 
Sea king crab population. Ph.D. diss.. School of Fisheries, 
Univ. Washington, Seattle, WA, 197 p. 
Bhattacharya, C. G. 
1967. A simple method of resolution of a distribution into 
Gaussian components. Biometrics 23:115-135. 
Blau, S. F. 
1990. Size at maturity of female red king crabs (Paralithodes 
carntschatica) in the Adak management area, Alaska. In 
Proceedings of the international symposium on king and 
Tanner crabs, p. 105-116. Univ. Alaska Sea Grant Report 
90-04, Anchorage, AK. 
Cressie, N. A. C. 
1993. Statistics for spatial data. John Wiley and Sons, 
New York, NY, 900 p. 
Dew, B. 
1990. Behavioral ecology of podding red king crab, Paralith- 
odes carntschatica. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1944-1958. 
Donaldson, W. E., S. C. Beyersdorfer, D. Pengilly, and S. F. Blau. 
1992. Growth of red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus 
(Tilesius, 1815), in artificial habitat collectors at Kodiak, 
Alaska. J. Shellfish Res. 11(1 ):85— 89. 
Gayanilo, F. C., Jr., and D. E. Pauly. 
1997. FAO-ICLARM stock assessment tools (FiSAT): ref- 
erence manual. FAO Computerized Information Series 
(Fisheries) 8, FAO, Rome, 262 p. 
Gharrett, J. A. 
1986. Effects of a hydrocarbon-contaminated diet on sur- 
vival, feeding, growth, and molting of juvenile red king 
crab, Paralithodes carntschatica (Tilesius). M.S. thesis. 
Univ. Alaska, Juneau, AK, 178 p. 
Hartnoll, R. G. 
1982. Growth. In The biology of Crustacea, volume 2: 
embryology, morphology, and genetics (L. B. Ebele, ed.), p. 
1 1 1-196. Academic Press. New York, NY. 
Hasselblad, V. 
1966. Estimation of parameters for a mixture of normal dis- 
tributions. Technometrics 8:431-444. 
Hill, J., D. L. Fowler, and M. J. VanDenAvyle 
1989. Species profiles: life histories and environmental 
requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (mid- 
Atlantic): blue crab. Biol. Rep. US Fish Wildl. Serv., 27 p. 
Huner, J. V., and R. P. Romaire. 
1990. Crawfish culture in the southeastern USA. World 
Aquaculture 21:58-66. 
Incze, L. S., R. S. Otto, and M. K. McDowell. 
1986. Recruitment variability of juvenile red king crab. 
Paralithodes carntschatica , in the southeast Bering Sea. In 
North Pacific workshop on stock assessment and manage- 
ment of invertebrates (G. S. Jamieson, and N. Bourne, eds.), 
p. 370-378. Can. Spec. Pub. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 92. 
Jones, M. B., and C. E. Epifanio. 
1995. Settlement of brachyuran megalopae in Delaware 
Bay: an analysis of time series data. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 
125:67-76. 
Keckler, D. 
1994. Surfer for Windows: user’s manual. Golden Soft- 
ware, Golden, CO, 428 p. 
Kurata, H. 
1960. Studies on the larvae and postlarvae of Paralithodes 
carntschatica . III. The influence of temperature and salin- 
ity on growth of the larvae. Bull. Hokkaido Reg. Fish. Res. 
Lab. 17:9-14. 
1961. Studies on the larvae and postlarvae of Paralithodes 
carntschatica. IV. Growth of the postlarvae. Bull. Hok- 
kaido Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. 18:1-9. 
Loher, T., and D. Armstrong. 
2000. Effects of habitat complexity and relative larval supply 
on the establishment of early benthic phase red king crab 
( Paralithodes camtschaticus Tilesius, 1815) populations in 
Auke Bay, Alaska. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 245(1 ):83-109. 
Loher, T., P. S. Hill, G. A. Harrington, and E. Cassano. 
1998. Management of Bristol Bay red king crab: a critical 
intersections approach to fisheries management. Rev. 
Fish. Sci. 6(3): 169— 251 . 
McCaughran, D. A., and G. C. Powell. 
1977. Growth model for Alaskan king crab (Paralithodes 
carntschatica). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34: 989-995. 
McConnaughey, R. A., and D. A. Armstrong. 
1995. Potential effects of global climate change on Dunge- 
ness crab ( Cancer magister) populations in the northeast 
Pacific Ocean. In Climate change and northern fish popu- 
lations (R. J. Beamish, ed.), p. 291-306. Can. Spec. Pub. 
Fish. Aquat. Sci. 121. 
McConnaughey, R. A., D. A. Armstrong, B. M. Hickey, and 
D. R. Gunderson. 
1994. Interannual variability in coastal Washington Dunge- 
ness ( Cancer magister) populations, larval advection and 
the coastal landing strip. Fish. Oceanogr. 3:22-38. 
Molyneaux, D. B., and T. C. Shirley. 
1988. Molting and growth of eyestalk-ablated juvenile red 
king crabs, Paralithodes carntschatica (Crustacea: Lithodi- 
dae). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 91:245-251. 
Nakanishi, T. 
1985. The effect of the environment on the survival rate, 
growth and respiration of eggs, larvae and post-larvae of 
king crab (Paralithodes carntschatica). In Proceedings of 
the international king crab symposium, p. 167-185. Univ. 
Alaska Sea Grant Report 85-12, Anchorage, AK. 
Neibauer, H. J. 
1998. Variability on Bering Sea ice cover as affected 
by a regime shift in the north Pacific in the period 
1947-1996. J. Geophys. Res. 103(C12):27717-27737. 
NIC (National Ice Center). 
1994. Navy/NOAA National Ice Center (NIC) weekly sea 
ice concentrations and extents, 1972-1994. National Ice 
Center, Washington, D.C. [Compact disc.] 
Otto, R. S. 
1986. Management and assessment of Bering sea king crab 
stocks. In North Pacific workshop on stock assessment 
and management of invertebrates (G. S. Jamieson and N. 
Bourne, eds.), p. 195-227. Can. Spec. Pub. Fish. Aquat. 
Sci. 92. 
