46 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
4. Carcharodon carcharias (Linnseus). Man-eater; Great white shark. 
Squalus carcharias Linnaaus, Syst. Nat., ed. X, 1768, p. 235; Europe. 
Lamnidz atwoodi Uhler and Lugger, 1876, ed. I, p. 191; ed. II, p. 161. 
Carcharodon carcharias Jordan and Evermann, 1896-1900, p. 50; Garman, 1913, p. 32, pi. 5, figs. 5 to 9. 
Body robust; head a little more than 4 in total length; depth about 5.5; snout conical, blunted 
at tip; eye above the front of the mouth; pupil vertical; nostrils small, far apart, nearer to the mouth 
than to tip of snout; spiracles minute, behind eye; mouth large, with labial folds; teeth large, trian- 
gular, serrated, in about 24 to 26 rows in each jaw; first dorsal moderate, its origin behind bases of 
pectorals, a little longer than high; second dorsal very small, its base entirely in advance of anal; 
caudal fin broad, the lower lobe produced, slightly shorter than upper; anal fin small, similar to second 
dorsal, its origin behind vertical from the base of that fin; ventral fins small, below middle of the 
interdorsal space; pectoral fins falciform, the front margin nearly twice the length of the inner 
margin; a well developed keel on each side of caudal peduncle; deep pit at base of caudal above and 
below. 
Fig. 26. — Carcharodon carcharias 
Color grayish, shading to white below; tips and edges of pectorals black. 
This is one of the most ferocious of all sharks. 
Uhler and Lugger (1876) writing in 1876, stated that this shark was common in Chesapeake 
Bay as far as the outer harbor of Baltimore. It is uncommon anywhere, however, even in the 
Tropics, and seldom strays on our Atlantic coast. None were seen during the present investiga- 
tion, and we know of no record for the Chesapeake since 1876. It is believed, therefore, that the 
shark referred to by Uhler and Lugger was another species. 
The man-eater grows to a length of 40 feet. The jaws of a specimen 36 feet long are in the 
British Museum. 
Habitat . — Seas of the Temperate and Torrid zones; in the western Atlantic, rarely as far north 
as Nova Scotia. 
Chesapeake localities. — (a) Previous records: Reported entering Chesapeake Bay by Uhler 
and Lugger (1876). (6) Specimens observed on present investigation: None. 
Family V. — GALEID4i. The gray sharks 
Body elongate; head and snout depressed; eyes lateral, with a more or less perfectly developed 
nictitating membrane; nostrils below the snout; spiracles present or absent; mouth crescent-shaped, 
inferior; teeth various; last gill slit above base of pectoral; dorsal fins 2, without spines, the first in 
advance of ventrals; anal fin present. 
KEY TO THE GENERA 
a. Teeth small, numerous, in pavement; spiracles present, small Mustelus, p. 47 
aa. Teeth not in pavement, compressed, more or less triangular, with a large cusp and usually with 
a broad base; spiracles wanting. 
(c> y- 
