FISHES OF CHESAPEAKE BAY 229 
the lobes produced in adult; ventral fins short, scarcely as long as postorbital part of head; pectorals 
short, 1.35 to 1.9 in head. 
Color bluish above; lower parts of sides silvery; dorsal and anal yellowish, with dusky punctula- 
tions, the produced part of dorsal sometimes black; caudal and pectorals plain yellowish; ventrals 
white. Very young (40 millimeters and less in length) densely punctulate with rusty dots, giving 
them the color of a dead leaf; dorsals and anal very dark; caudal pale. 
This species is represented in the present collection by 28 small specimens, ranging from 20 to 
95 millimeters to 3% inches) in length. This species differs from the others of the genus occur- 
ring in Chesapeake Bay in the deep, ovate body and the long soft dorsal and anal fins, the anterior 
rays of which are much produced in adults. 
This pompano is carnivorous, the small specimens at hand having fed on worms, crustaceans, 
mollusks, and fish. The spawning habits are unknown. 
This fish is too rare and the individuals obtained are too small to make it of commercial impor- 
tance in Chesapeake Bay. The species was seen only in the southern sections of the bay, and although 
it strays northward to Woods Hole, Mass., it is not abundant anywhere along our shores. Its chief 
habitat probably extends from the West Indies southward. On the Atlantic coast of Panama it is 
a food fish of some importance. The species is reported to reach a maximum weight of 3 pounds. 
Its flesh is of excellent quality. 
Habitat. — Massachusetts to Brazil. 
Chesapeake localities. — (a) Previous record: Potomac River, St. Marys River, and Ocean 
View, Va. (6) Specimens in collection: Cape Charles, Buckroe Beach, Lynnhaven Roads, and Ocean 
View, Va., taken during September and October, 1921 and 1922. 
122. Trachinotus glaucus (Bloch). Gaff-topsail pompano. 
Chxtodon glaucus Bloch, Naturg. Ausl. Fische, III, 1787, p. 112, PI. OCX; Martinique. 
Trachinotus glaucus Jordan and Evermann, 1896-1900, p. 940, PI. CXLVI, fig. 395; Smith, 1907, p. 212, fig. 90. 
Head 3 to 3.9; depth 2 to 2.6; D. VI-I, 19 or 20; A. II— I, 17 or 18. 
This pompano was not seen during the present investigation and we find no definite record of 
its capture in Chesapeake Bay. Jordan and Evermann give Virginia as the northernmost limit of 
its range, and Smith says that it is found from Chesapeake Bay southward. It is on the basis of 
these records that we include these notes. 
This species has the anterior rays of the soft dorsal and anal much produced in the adult, as 
in T. falcatus. The body is not ovate, however. Its depth is contained in the length about 2 to 
2.6 times, and in this respect it is more like T. carolinus. It differs from both species in the presence 
of dark vertical bars on the sides. 
This pompano is reported to reach a weight of about 2 pounds. Apparently nowhere along 
our coasts is it abundant enough to be of much commercial importance, and it is less highly regarded 
as a food fish than most pompanos. 
Habitat. — Virginia to Panama. Once recorded from Uruguay. 
Chesapeake localities. — (a) Previous records: No definite localities, (b) Specimens in collec- 
tion: None. 
123. Trachinotus carolinus (Linnaeus). Pompano; “Sunfish.” 
Oasterosteus carolinus Linn a: us, Syst. Nat., ed. XII, 1766, p. 490; Carolina. 
Trachynotus carolinus Uhler and Lugger, 1876, ed. I, p. 113; ed. II, p. 95. 
Trachinotus carolinus Bean, 1891, p. 87; Jordan and Evermann, 1896-1900, p. 944, PI. CXLVII, fig. 398. 
Head 3 to 3.6; depth 1.8 to 2.1; D. VI-I, 23 or 24; A. II— I, 20 to 22. Body moderately 
elongate, strongly compressed; dorsal and ventral outlines not forming pronounced angles at origin 
of soft dorsal and anal; head moderate; snout short and blunt, 3.8 to 4.5 in head; eye 3 to 4.1; 
interorbital 2.5 to 2.95; mouth moderate, slightly inferior, a little oblique; maxillary reaching oppo- 
site middle of eye, 2.8 to 3 in head; gill rakers very short, about one-fifth diameter of eye, 7 or 8 on 
lower limb of first arch; lateral line nearly straight; first dorsal composed of six short, stiff spines, 
preceded by a sharp procumbent spine; second dorsal and anal anteriorly not greatly elevated, 
none of the rays especially produced, the longest rays reaching about middle of base of fins in adult 
when deflexed; caudal fin deeply forked; ventral fins small, scarcely as long as postorbital part 
of head; pectoral fins short, 1.2 to 1.35 in head. 
