390 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
First dorsal spine short, less than eye; second more than twice as long as the first; third nearly 
twice the second, prominently longer than the succeeding spines; fourth spine 1.66 in the third; spines 
from fourth to tenth decrease regularly in length, tenth 1.25 in fourth. Soft dorsal somewhat rounded, 
longest rays equal to fifth spine. First anal spine a little shorter than the first dorsal; third anal 
spine equal to second dorsal, slender and a little longer than the second anal spine. Soft anal short, 
median rays longest, a little longer than longest rays of soft dorsal. Caudal rather large, deeply 
forked, longest rays equal to length of head, longer than longest dorsal spine; lower lobe a little smaller 
than upper. Yentrals longer than pectorals, about equal to head, acute, second ray longest. Pectorals 
pointed, median rays longest. All parts of the head and body except the preorbital and jaws scaled. 
Scales ctenoid and ciliated. Lateral line strongly arched anteriorly, beginning above upper end of 
gill cleft on eighth scale below the dorsal spines; at the highest part it is on the fourth row from the 
back and on the twentieth from the ventral median line. 
Color in alcohol: Plain pale reddish-yellow (probably red in life), dusky on scaly part, of base 
of soft dorsal and of posterior part of spinous dorsal and about base of caudal. 
This fish is related to Anthias margaritaceus Hilgendorf of Japan, differing from descriptions of 
that species in having a greater number of scales in a vertical row on the body' and a greater number 
of gillrakers on the lower arm of the first branchial arch, in having the ventral fins longer than the 
pectorals, in having no filamentous prolongations on any of the dorsal or caudal rays, and in being of 
a uniform coloration on the head and body, „ I . margaritaceus being spotted with large white blotches. 
The alcoholic specimens may not, however, be reliable on this last point. 
( Fuscus , dusky; pinms, fin.) 
Three adult specimens obtained by Dr. Wood at Honolulu. Type No. 49695, TJ. S. N. M. 
The following are measurements of the three specimens and numbers of fin rays and scales: 
Anthias fuscipinnis. 
No. 1. 
No. 2. 
No. 3. 
Anthias fuscipinnis. 
No. 1 . 
No. 2. 
No. 3. 
Length in millimeters . . 
179 
157 
14G 
Third dorsal spine 
.26 
.21 
.23 
Depth .... 
. 41 
.41 
.42 
X 
X 
X 
Head 
.32 
.36 
.38 
Second dorsal 
17 
17 
17 
Pectoral 
.25 
.21 
.26 
Second anal 
7 
7 
7 
Ventral 
.30 
00 
.32 
Scales in lateral line 
ii 
17 
50 
Eye 
.08 
.08 
.09 
Family LTJTIANID7E 
Aphareus flavivultus Jenkins, new species. Fig. 4. 
Head equal to depth of body; depth of body 3 in length. D. x, 11; A. in, 8. Scales 10-73-18. 
Pectoral 1.33 in head; ventral 1.66 in head. Eye a little shorter than the snout, equal to width of 
interorbital. Maxillary reaching the posterior margin of pupil. Preorbital and operates entire, no 
spine on opercle. Preorbital transversely fluted. Nostrils very small, the posterior circular, exposed; 
anterior a vertical slit with a dermal flap attached to its posterior edge covering it. Teeth all minute, 
villiform, in bands in the jaws, in the upper jaw an outer row of very slightly enlarged teeth. Head 
naked except cheeks, opercle, subopercle, and sides of top of head. Profile of head and body almost 
regularly fusiform. Caudal fin large, deeply forked, lobes equal, longest rays a little shorter than 
head. Dorsal fin rather low, third spine longest; first short, 2.5 in eye; second a little shorter than 
third, which is 2.5 in head, following spines successively shorter, tenth 1.33 in third spine. Anterior 
soft rays of dorsal same length as last spine, the posterior rays slightly decreasing in length, but the 
last ray elongated, about 2 in head and three times the length of the penultimate ray. Anal spines 
weak, the third longest, equaling the sixth dorsal spine. Soft anal similar to soft dorsal but shorter, 
last ray prolonged, as is last dorsal. Pectorals and ventrals pointed, upper rays of pectorals and outer 
rays of ventrals longest, Pectoral a little lunate at base, the lower rays very slightly produced. (Not 
correctly shown in the figure, as the tips were broken in the specimens drawn.) Pectoral 1.5 in head; 
ventral a little shorter than head. Scales rather large, cycloid. Lateral line almost imperceptibly 
convex dorsally, anteriorly; straight posteriorly. 
Color in alcohol: Dusky-silvery, vertical fins brownish, bare parts of head brown. In life a 
broad brilliant yellow area on face, or little narrower than interorbital, reaching from occiput to tip 
of snout. 
