TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
Origin and method of the investigation 
General results of the investigations 
The Sacramento River as a salmon stream 
The general life history of the Pacific salmons 
Salmon eggs and milt 
Experiments on the vitality of spermatozoa 
Vitality in water 
Activity in normal salt solution 
Vitality in air 
“Watery” milt 
Amount of milt required in artificial fertiliza- 
tion 
Experiments with ova 
How to test fertilization 
Short exposure to water detrimental 
Effect of exposure to air 
Fish slime not deleterious 
Fertilization in hody fluid 
Immersion in normal salt solution 
To make artificial spawning complete 
An aid to spawn-taking 
Dry process of fertilization 
Killing the female before spawning 
Quality of bloody eggs. 
Foamy eggs 
Granular eggs 
Eggs dead when spawned 
Eggs from dead fish 
Spotted eggs 
Yellow eggs 
The critical period for eggs 
Fungus in the hatchery 
The alevin 
Under natural conditions 
Observations on alevins artificially reared 
General account 
Planting alevins 
Enemies 
Kesults of observations 
The fry 
Notes on younger fry 
Planting fry from the hatchery 
Observations of a particular fry 
Enemies 
Migration of fry 
In Olema Creek 
Battle Creek station 
Balls Ferry station 
Walnut Grove station 
Observations at Benicia 
General investigation during 1898 
Movements in estuary and bay 
Effect of sea water on alevins and fry 
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The fry — Continued. 
Change of color during migration 100 
Summary of observations on migration 100 
Summer residents in the rivers 100 
General account 100 
Upstream movement 101 
Migration during summer 102 
Summary on number and movements 105 
Growth in fresh water 105 
Gastric parasites 109 
Diseased parrs 109 
Mature male parrs 109 
Temperature notes 110 
Conclusions from study of summer resi- 
dents 110 
Food of young salmon 110 
General study of food in fresh water 110 
Food in brackish water 117 
Classification of the insect food of young sal- 
mon 118 
The period of growth 120 
The adult salmon 121 
Migration 121 
Do salmon return to their native streams 121 
The two runs of salmon 121 
Details of migration 122 
Downstream movement 124 
Relation between weather and migration 125 
Changes in salmon after entering fresh water 125 
The alimentary canal 125 
The skin 126 
Loss in weight 127 
Comparison of the sexes 130 
Relative changes in fresh water 130 
Two forms of males 130 
Hermaphrodites 132 
Relative number of males and females 132 
Relative weight 133 
Natural propagation 134 
Spawning habits 134 
Percentage of fertilization 135 
Mortality among ova 136 
Natural versus artificial propagation 137 
Injuries and diseases 138 
General effects of spawning 138 
Spent salmon 139 
Diseases of the intestine 139 
Fungus 139 
Gill parasites 140 
Diseased ova 140 
Length of life of fall salmon after reaching 
spawning-grounds 140 
Death 141 
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