176 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
Color in life (No. 02989), bright red, belly more or less silvery; about 10 narrow longitudinal 
silvery stripes; uppermost pinkish; side of head silvery with pinkish shades; a white stripe from 
preorbital to base of preopercular spine; spinous dorsal deep red without streaks or black marking, a 
white spot behind first and second spines at base, tips of third to seventh spines whitish; soft dorsal, 
anal, caudal, and pectoral plain pink; anal with membrane of third spine and first soft ray deep red; 
ventral pink, spine and first soft ray white, second soft ray deep red anteriorly, posteriorly whitish. 
Another example (No. 03161), was rose red when fresh, with about 10 very faint light rosy streaks 
along rows of scales, these much less distinct than in other species; cheek rosy with one broad 
oblique white band; dorsal plain red, the membranes fading to white, no light stripes on dark areas; 
other fins plain light red; membrane of fourth anal spine not darker; iris pink. 
Another example (field No. 03467), deep crimson when fresh, with 10 narrow, sharply defined, 
white stripes along rows of scales; an oblique white stripe below eye from snout to base of preopercular 
spine; dorsal clear deep red, clouded with darker; soft dorsal, caudal, and anal light bright red; 
membrane between third and fourth anal spines blood-red; pectoral deep red; veDtrals red, spines 
white, their membranes blood red. 
Color in alcohol, pale brown or brownish white, washed more or less with silvery or brassy 
white; side with 9 or 10 longitudinal white stripes; fins pale. 
This species is related to Holocentrus en&ifer, differing mainly in the presence of two well-developed 
spines on the upper margin of the opercle. It is one of the most abundant of the family in Hawaiian 
waters. It is represented in our collections by 40 examples, as follows: 
Field 
No. 
Length. 
Locality. 
Final disposition of speci- 
men. 
Field 
No. 
Length. 
Locality. 
Final disposition of speci- 
men. 
Inches. 
Inches. 
05999 
6 
Honolulu. 
Type, No. 50635, U. S. N. M. 
04227 
6.5 
Honolulu . 
Cotype, No. 9805, Ind. Univ. 
02934 
6.5 
do.... 
Cotype) No. 50636, U. S. N. ML 
Mus. 
02933 
5.5 
do 
Cotype', No. 2706, U. S. F. C. 
04936 
5. 75 
do — 
Cotype, No. 1492, Cal. Ac. Sci. 
02989 
4. 5 
do 
Cotype, No. 3951, Field Col. 
04938 
6.25 
do 
Mus. 
04939 
6.25 
do 
03160 
5. 25 
do 
Cotype, No. 7457, L. S. Jr. Univ. 
04960 
5.5 
do .... 
Mus. 
04961 
5.5 
do 
03161 
6.25 
do.... 
Do. 
04940 
5. 5 
do 
03294 
5. 75 
do 
Cotype, No. 1692, Bishop Mus. 
04980 
5. 75 
Kailua . . . 
03295 
5.75 
do .... 
Cotype, No. , M. C. Z. 
04234 
5.25 
Honolulu. 
03203 
5 
do 
Cotype, No. 22S6. Am. Mus. 
04230 
5.5 
do.... 
Nat. Hist. 
04244 
3.25 
Kailua . . . 
03467 
5. 75 
do 
Cotype, No. 24215, Ac. Nat. Sci. 
04978 
3. 75 
do — 
Phila. 
04226 
5.75 
Honolulu . 
03468 
G. 5 
do 
Cotype, No. 2733, U. S. F. C. 
05905 
5.6 
do .... 
And 15 other examples from Honolulu, ranging in length from 4 to 6.5 inches. 
19. Holocentrus ensifer Jordan & Evermann, new species. 
Head 3 in length; depth 2.7; eye 3 in head; snout 3.5; maxillary 2.25; interorbital 5; D. xi, 15; 
A. iv, 11; P. i, 14; V. i, 8; scales 4-47-8. 
Body elongate, compressed, greatest depth at ventral fin; upper profile decidedly more convex 
than lower; head compressed, much longer than deep, pointed, its width a little more than half its 
length; eye moderate, about 1.2 in postocular part of head, and slightly impinging upon upper profile; 
snout pointed; mouth moderate, oblique; maxillary broad, with large supplemental bone distally, 
equal to half diameter of eye; lips thick, fleshy; teeth minute, in broad bands in jaws, and on vomer 
and palatines; tongue pointed, free in front; nostrils close together, posterior a large cavity with sev- 
eral small spines projecting over; preorbital with 2 large strong spines and about 6 strong serrations on 
its margin; suborbital rim narrow; bones of head all more or less finely serrate, the opercle above and 
preopercle below each with a long, strong, dagger-like spine; interorbital space broad, very slightly 
concave; a fleshy axillary flap; gill-opening large, filaments moderately long, much longer than gill- 
rakers which are compressed and not very numerous; pseudobranch ite large; spinous dorsal long, 
membrane between spines not much incised, first 2.2, second 2.1, third 2, last 4.2; anterior dorsal rays 
longest, fourth 1.8, last 7.5; third anal spine largest, 1.75, fourth 2.3; soft anal similar to soft dorsal, 
third spine not reaching beyond rays; caudal rather small, forked; pectoral 1.3; ventral 1.4, spine 2; 
caudal peduncle compressed, its length 2.2, depth 4; scales rather large, ctenoid; lateral line arched 
a little at first and running down obliquely on upper side of caudal peduncle. 
