BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
356 
For courtesies, advice, and assistance the writer is indebted to Dr. David Starr 
Jordan, president of Leland Stanford Junior University; Dr. Barton W. Evermann 
and Dr. Hugh M. Smith, of the U. S. Fish Commission; Dr. Tarleton H. Bean and 
Mr. Barton A. Bean; the commissioners of inland fish and game, of Maine; Mr. 
Elmer D. Merrill, of the l T . S. Department of Agriculture; Mr. Daniel Cummings, 
proprietor of a sportsman’s camp and fish and game warden at Square Lake, and 
Mr. John A. Story, of the State fish -hatchery at Caribou, Me. 
The drawing's of the new species are by Mr. A. H. Baldwin. 
Catostomus catostomus (Forster). Northern Sucker. 
This species is known elsewhere by various other names, such as “small-scaled sucker,” “long- 
nosed sucker,” “red-sided sucker,” etc. The only published intimations of its occurrence in Maine 
are by Prof. 0. H. Hitchcock, « who said that a red-sided sucker was peculiar to Rangeley lakes, and 
Dr. A. Leith Adams, 6 who incidentally refers to the above locality and says the fish occurs in the St. 
Croix Lake waters. These are not undoubted references to this species, however, for the common 
sucker ( C. commersonii) often has red sides during the breeding season. Dr. Adams’s reference is 
definite regarding the Skiff Lake Stream specimens identified by Dr. Gunther, but Skiff Lake Stream, 
though tributary to the St. Croix lakes, is in New Brunswick, and Dr. Adams’s identification of it in 
Grand Lake Stream, where he procured his “silvery trout,” may have been a mistake, owing to the 
common red-sided character of breeding C. commersonii. The inference is, however, that this species 
may be found in the St. Croix waters in Maine. 
The first positive evidence of its occurrence in Maine was furnished by Mr. Elmer Merrill, who 
collected it at Craig Brook and sent it with some other species to the U. S. National Museum. Mr. 
Merrill gave the writer the following note regarding it: 
“Mr. Atkins says it is the common sucker of Alamoosook and Toddy ponds, where it is abundant. 
In Craig Brook, in June, males were seen devouring the eggs as fast as extruded by the females.” 
This species has since been collected by the writer and Mr. Thomas B. Gould in Glasier Lake, 
which is an expansion of the St. Francis River, tributary to the St. John River, and in the “thorough- 
fare” connecting Long Lake with Cross Lake, of the Eagle Lake system, Aroostook County, in October, 
1901. In this thoroughfare white-fish were spawning, and this sucker and C. commersonii were feeding 
upon the eggs. 
This species is doubtless more widely distributed than it seems, but being an inhabitant of the 
cooler depths of tire lakes, it is seldom seen unless in the breeding season when it ascends the streams 
to spawn, or in the fall when it follows trout, salmon, and white-fish to their spawning-grounds to feed 
upon their eggs. It is probably never recognized by the inexperienced observer, who sees in it only 
“a sucker.” Like its congener, the common sucker, it varies in adult size; in some localities a length 
of 18 inches or more is attained, and in others only 6 to 10 inches. It may be distinguished from the 
common sucker by its longer nose, thicker lips, and smaller scales. 
Leuciscus neogaeus (Cope). 
Prior to its discovery in New Brunswick in 1888, and again in 1895 by Philip Cox, e this species 
had not been recorded east of Wisconsin and Michigan. It was found by Kendall & Gould in Bill 
« ‘ 1 The Salmo oquassa Girard, or blue back trout, an uncommon variety of dace, and a red-sided sucker are peculiar to 
these waters.” (Geology of Maine, Second Annual Report, Natural History and Geology of the State of Maine. 1862,328.) 
b During June, when the silvery salmon trout is plentiful in the streams connecting the various lakes, there is found 
associated with it a red-banded sucker, 5 or 6 inches in length, with a brilliant red bar extending lengthwise down its 
sides. I examined several specimens of this fish, kindly procured for me from Skiff Lake Stream of the eastern Schoodic 
chain of lakes, by Major Monk and Captain Wolseley. It seems to be also found in the upper waters of the Androscoggin 
in the State of Maine, but further there are no accounts of its presence north cf the State of Vermont, where it was dis- 
covered by Le Sueur and named by him Catostomus longirostris. The specimens above referred to were examined by Dr. 
Gunther, who informs me that they differ only from this species in the length of the anal fin, which varies according to 
sex and season.” (Field and Forest Rambles, with Notes and Observations on the Natural History of Eastern Canada. 
1873, 252.) 
c History and present state of the Ichthyology of New Brunswick, with a catalogue of its fresh-water and marine 
fishes. (Bulletin XIII, Natural History Society of New Brunswick. 1895, 44.) 
