REPORT ON FISHES COLLECTED IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
435 
Color in life (field No. 229), upper parts dark blue, below silvery; dorsal bluish; pectoral somewhat 
dusky, especially toward tip; anal and ventrals white; no definite markings on any of the fins. 
Exoccetus micropterus Cuv. & Val., xix, 127, pi. 563, 1846; Gunther, Cat., vi, 279, 1866; Bleeker, Atlas Ichthy., vi, 77, pi. ‘249, 
tig. 1, 1872. 
Cypsilurus micropterus, Bleeker, Nederl. Tydsch. Dierk., in, 128, 1865 (Amboyna). 
Evohontia, Snodgrass & Heller, mss. 
39. Parexocoetus brachypterus (Solander). “Malolo.” 
D. 13; A. 14; origin of dorsal just over that of anal; pectoral reaching just beyond origin of anal. 
Color in life, upper parts of head and body down to lateral line a brilliant indigo blue, below this 
silvery; dorsal with a large dark blue blotch toward tip; pectoral transparent; caudal, anal, and ven- 
trals colorless. The Hawaiian specimens were compared with one in the Stanford University Museum 
from Pensacola, Fla. No differences could be detected further than the slightly shorter dorsal fin in 
the Florida specimen, which difference is probably only an individual variation. Very abundant, large 
quantities being brought to the market, where they bring a good price. Eight specimens were taken, 
6 to 7 inches in length, and 2 are in Dr. Wood’s collection. I observed none over 7 inches in length. 
Exoccetus brachypterus Solander, in Richardson, Ichthy. China, 265, 1846, China; Gunther, Cat., vr, 280, 1866 (Otaheiti and 
China); Streets, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 7, 75, 1877 (Hawaiian Islands); Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 
lxx, 1900, 512 (Honolulu and Laysan). 
Exocostus hUlianus Gosse, Nat. Sojourn Jamaica, n, 11, pi. 1, fig. 1, 1851, Jamaica; Gunther, Cat., vi, 284, 1866; Poey, Mem., ii,301. 
Parexocodus mesogaster Jordan & Evermann, Fishes North and Mid. Amer., I, 728, 1896; Fowler, Proc. Nat. Ac. Sci. Phila. 
1900, 500 (Hawaiian Islands); Evermann & Marsh, Fishes of Porto Rico, Bull. IT. S. Fish Com. 1900, 103. 
The figure of Exocostus mesogaster Bloch, xii, 17, pi. 399, can not be of this species. 
40. Exoccetus volitans Linnaeus. 
A single specimen, 5.5 inches in length, was picked up on the beach at Honolulu, and one 6 inches 
in length was collected by the Albatross in 1891, in lat. 28° 03' N., long. 143° 1CK W. 
Color in life, back very dark blue, with greenish reflections, especially along the sides; belly 
silvery white; pectoral rays dusky, the membrane not so dark. The pectoral reaches root of caudal. 
Exoccetus volitans Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 316, 1758; Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1900, 500 (Hawaiian Islands). 
Exoccetus evolans Linnseus, Syst. Nat., ed. xii, I, 521, 1766; Gunther, Cat., vi, 282, 1866. 
Halocypselus evolans, Jordan & Evermann, Fishes North and Mid. Amer., I, 729, 1896. 
41. Cypsilurus simus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). 
Dorsal profile gently and evenly convex from tip of snout to caudal peduncle; ventral profile 
straight from head to front of ventral fin; depth 5 in length; head 4.25 in length; snout wide, its 
anterior straight transverse border 1.3 in length of snout; length 3.5 in head; lower jaw not projecting; 
depth of head equaling distance from tip of snout to middle of preopercle; eye 3 in head; interorbital a 
little concave (varies from flat to considerably concave), 3.5 in head; teeth conical (varying from 
tricuspid in smaller specimens to bicuspid in larger ones and conical); gillrakers short, fiat, mostly of 
equal length, 5 in interorbital, 16 on lower limb of arch; pectoral 15, reaching to base of caudal, first 
ray simple, second divided; ventrals 6, reaching past middle of anal; D. 13 (varying from 12 to 14); 
third and fourth rays longest, 2.5 in head; last ray longer than the penultimate ray, 4 in head; A. 8, 
shorter and lower than dorsal (rays varying from 7 to 9), second and third rays longest, 3 in head; 
lower lobe of caudal much longer than upper, length of tip from last vertebra about 3.2 in length of 
body; length of upper lobe of caudal about 1.6 in lower, 5 in length of body; least depth of caudal 
peduncle but slightly less than its length, 3 in head; 50 scales on lateral line, tube on each scale with 
numerous fine convoluted branches on lower half of scale only; 31 scales on mid-dorsal line in front of 
dorsal fin; 12 scales on oblique row between front of dorsal and anal fins, 8 from dorsal to lateral line. 
Color in life, upper parts dark blue, back almost black; belly silvery white; generally a dusky 
area behind opercle at base of pectoral; ventrals and caudal transparent; pectoral varying much in 
coloration. In 1 specimen the first jiectoral ray was white, the membranes of the next 7 rosy-brownish, 
the membranes of the rest transparent. Another had the pectoral fin nearly colorless, with only a 
small amount of dusky clouding and several small black spots on the membrane. In others the pec- 
torals are closely covered with round or oval black spots, varying in different specimens from many to 
few. Others again have none. Since there are no discoverable structural differences between the speci- 
mens having spotted pectorals and those having no spots on those fins, and since the number of the 
