454 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
101. Mulloides auriflamma (Forskal). “UW.r.” 
Color in life (field No. 203), red with yellowish border to each scale; a bright yellow band extend- 
ing from each eye; margins of operCle and preopercle yellow; iris white, with red inner border; dorsal 
fins red toward body, yellow outwardly; caudal bright yellow; ventrals and anal reddish toward body, 
bright yellow outwardly; pectoral red; barbels white. 
I obtained 10 examples of this species, from 7.24 to 9.62 inches in length; a 10-inch example is in 
Dr. Wood’s collection; and 2 examples, each 7 inches long, are in the collection made by the Albatross. 
This is a common and much valued food-fish at Honolulu. 
Mullus auriflamma Forskal, Descripl. Anim., 30, 1775, Djidda, Arabia. 
Mullus flavolineatus LacCpfede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., m, 400, 1801. 
Upencus flavolineatus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 450, 1829. 
Mulloides flavolineatus, Bleeker, Nat. Tyjdsch. Ned. Ind., nr, 1852, 697 (Wahai); Gunther, Cat., I, 403, 1859; Gunther, Fische der 
Siidsee, r, 56, 1873; Bleeker, Revision Insul. Mulloides, 15, 1874: Bleeker, Atlas, pi. 394 (Mull., pi. 4), fig. 3, 1877: 
Streets, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 7, 89, 1877 (Fanning Islands). • - 
102. Pseudupeneus chryserydros (Lacepede). 
Color in life (field No. 243), dark lead color with violet and golden shadings; blue lines alter- 
nating with golden, radiating from the eye; longitudinal golden lines on the cheek; anterior portion 
of first dorsal golden, rest of fin violet with dusky shades; second dorsal with oblique blue lines alter- 
nating with golden; large bright orange area on upper portion of caudal peduncle; anal marked as 
second dorsal but less dark; caudal dusky violet; ventral rays blue, membranes golden; barbels 
tipped with yellow. Another example (field No. 121) was much lighter in color, with rosy tinges; first 
dorsal rosy with dusky shades; the first and second spines olivaceous and with olivaceous markings 
along outer margin; second dorsal with oblique whitish and yellow stripes; caudal dusky with areas 
of olive; anal fin pale with yellow stripes; ventral rays white, membrane yellow; a large bright, light 
orange area on upper part of caudal peduncle extending half way down its sides; tips of barbels orange. 
Four specimens of this species, 8.7 to 9.5 inches in length, were taken; three, 6.5 to 11 inches in 
length, are in Dr. Wood’s collection, and one 9 inches long was collected by Jordan & Snyder. 
This fish is brought in great numbers to the market. 
? Mullus cyclostomus LacCpede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 404, pi. 14, fig. 3, 1801, Isle de France. 
Upeneus chryserydros Lac6p§de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 406, 1801; Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 470, 1829 (Islede 
France, Sandwich Islands, Isle of Bourbon, Coromandel). 
Upeneus oxycephalus Bleeker, Act. Soc. Neerl., i, 45, 1856, Manado en Macassar; Gunther, Cat., i, 409, 1859. 
Parupeneus cherserydros Bleeker, Revision Insul. Mulloides, 35, 1874; Bleeker, Atlas, ix, pi. 393 (Mull., pi. 3), fig. 2, 1877. 
Upencus cliryserythrus Gunther, Fische der Siidsee, I, 60, pi. 45, fig. A, 1873, Polynesia. 
Parupeneus cyclostomus, Steindachner, Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, lxx, 1900, 486 (Honolulu). 
103. Pseudupeneus chrysonemus Jordan & Evermann. 
Four specimens, 5.5 to 8 inches in length, were obtained by me, and one, 5.5 inches long, was 
collected by Jordan & Snyder. Many specimens were obtained by Jordan & Evermann. 
Pseudupeneus chrysonemus Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm, for 1902 (April 11, 1903), 186, Hilo, Hawaii Island. 
(Type, No. 50666, U. S. N. M.: coll. Jordan & Evermann.) 
104. Pseudupeneus porphyreus Jenkins, new species. 
Head 3.3 in length; depth 3; eye 4 in head; snout 2; D. viii-i, 8; A. n, 6; C. 19; P. 15; V. 1.5; 
scales 21-30-6; pectoral 1.4 in head; ventral 1.25; caudal 1.2; longest, dorsal spine 1.5; longest soft 
dorsal ray 2; longest anal ray equal to longest soft dorsal ray; length of caudal peduncle equal to 
length of ventral fin, 1.25; least depth equal to 2.4 in head ; greatest width of body at bases of pectorals, 
a little greater than half of head; width of middle of caudal peduncle equal to 3.5 in head; preorbital 
deep, 3 in head; maxillary 2.5 in head, reaching almost to vertical from posterior nostril; distance 
between nostrils a little less than diameter of eye; interorbital 3.5 in head; teeth in single series, 
present only in jaws, short, blunt, conical, rather widely separated and of unequal sizes; gillrakers 
5+25, the uppermost and lowermost ones very short, uppermost ones of lower arm of arch longest, 
2 in eye, gradually increasing in length downward; lowermost ones of upper arm about 0.6 length of 
uppermost of lower arm; snout blunt, almost truncate; dorsal profile of -head straight, rising at angle 
of about 45° to nape, profile of back horizontal from here to front of second dorsal, then descending in 
a gentle curve to caudal fin; ventral profile of head and body almost straight from snout to middle 
