SHORE FISHES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
525 
smaller anteriorly, almost disappearing before curved portion of lateral line is reached. Spinous dorsal 
not present; anal spines absent; anterior rays of both fins elevated, their height about 0.4 of length of 
head. Caudal deeply forked, lobes of equal length, 0.85 of head; pectoral falcate, 0.95 of head; ven- 
trals short, pointed, 0.43 of head. 
Color silvery, darker above, indistinctly marbled with dusky along the back; base of pectoral 
colored on posterior side, upper half brownish black, lower dead white; dorsal fin with a dusky 
margin. 
One specimen 97 cm. long, from the market at Honolulu. Type, No. 50874, U. >S. Nat. Mus. 
81. Caranx speciosus (Forskal). Honolulu. 
82. Alectis ciliaris (Bloch). Honolulu; Hanalei Bay, Kauai. 
BRAMIIbE. 
COLLYBUS Snyder, new genus. 
CoUybus Snyder, new genus of Brarnidx; type, Collybus drachme, new species. 
Body deep, ovate, greatly compressed. Teeth in narrow bands, about 2 or 3 rows on jaw r s, none 
on vomer or palatines; 2 small fangs on each side of lower jaw near tip; teeth all small, weak, sharply 
pointed. Gillrakers long and slender; pseudobranchise large. Pyloric cteca 4; 2 of them about equal 
in length to diameter of pupil, the others nearly as long as stomach. Vertebrae 38. Mouth very 
oblique, nearly vertical. Opercle, subopercle, interopercle, and preopercle smooth. Scales short; very 
broad (vertically), the upper and lower edges sharply pointed; strongly ctenoid, each scale with a 
median, thickened, vertical ridge having a conspicuous tubercle in the center; number of scales in 
a lateral row between opercle and base of caudal about 50. No lateral line. Dorsal inserted on a 
vertical passing just behind base of ventral, rays 34, the anterior 3 or 4 without articulations; anal 30; 
a row of scales along base of fin. Caudal deeply forked. Ventral inserted on a vertical through 
posterior half of base of pectoral. 
Color silvery, dusky on head and back. 
The genus Collybus differs from Tciractes in not having teeth on the vomer and palatine bones, in 
having the caudal deeply cleft, the ventrals inserted posterior to the middle of the bases of pectorals, 
and in not having the opercular bones denticulated. 
83. Collybus drachme Snyder, new species. Plate 9, fig. 16. 
Head, measured to end of opercular flap, 0.3 of length (snout to base of caudal) ; depth 0.6; depth of 
caudal peduncle 0.28 of head; eye 0.37; snout 0.21; maxillary 0.45; interorbital space 0.29; D. 34; A. 30; 
scales in lateral series 51; in a vertical series counting upward and backward from insertion of anal 19. 
Body greatly compressed, its width at the widest part equal to length of maxillary; upper contour 
rather evenly curved from snout to caudal peduncle; lower contour much more convex, the base of 
anal not curved; mouth nearly vertical; lower jaw projecting somewhat beyond upper; posterior edge 
of maxillary reaching a vertical through anterior edge of pupil. Teeth small, weak, sharply pointed, 
in narrow bands (2 or 3 rows) on jaws; 2 larger, fang-like teeth on each side of tip of lower jaw; no 
teeth on vomer and palatines. Pseudobranchise large, the filaments equal in length to twice diameter 
of pupil. Gillrakers 4+10, slender, long, and sharply pointed; edges of opercle, interopercle, sub- 
opercle, and preopercle smooth; lower jaw, snout, and interorbital area naked; other parts of head, 
including the maxillary and the body, closely scaled. Scales strongly ctenoid, the ridges with minute 
tubercles; each scale with a high vertical ridge, on the middle of which is a prominent knob; the 
ridges of the scales are hidden by the overlapping softer parts, while the knobs project, lying in 
longitudinal rows. The scales are short, but very broad vertically, the upper and lower edges sharply 
pointed. Scales of head, at base of pectoral and along the back are much smaller than the others. 
No evident lateral line. 
Dorsal inserted on a vertical passing behind base of pectoral a distance equal to diameter of pupil; 
rays 34, the anterior 3 or 4 without articulations; fin elevated anteriorly, the longest ray 0.7 of length 
of head; posterior rays 0.28. Anal rays except first one or two articulated; length of anterior rays 
0.28 of head; caudal deeply forked; pectoral pointed, 0.35 of the length; ventrals inserted on a vertical 
passing through posterior half of base of pectoral. 
Color bright silvery, dusky on upper part of head and along back; a silvery spot about the size of 
pupil at insertion of dorsal. Upper and lower rays of caudal dusky, central part yellowish white; 
anterior rays of dorsal dusky. 
