JAPANESE FISHES. 
581 
Color dusky, with luminous spots, the one before eye very bright; lower jaw with 3 dark cross 
shades. 
Of this species we have one specimen, the type, No. 51443, U. S. Nat. Mus., in good condition, 
dredged by the Albatross, at station 3698, off Atami, in Sagami Bay, in 153 fathoms, and 4 smaller 
examples, No. 8393, Stanford University, collected off Misaki, and presented by Professor Sho Watase, 
j of the Imperial University. 
In scales, fins, and luminous spots this species agrees with Diaplius effulgens of the Atlantic, but 
the latter species has the head notably shorter, deeper, and more blunt. The species is still nearer 
Diaplius engraulis, from which it apparently differs in the number and arrangement of the postero-anal 
and posterolateral photophores. The former diverge backward from the mid-ventral line, forming a 
continuous series with the latter. They are 6 or 7 in number instead of 5. 
STERN OPTY C H I DTE. 
12. Polyipnus stereope Jordan & Starks, new species. (PL 2, fig. 3.) 
Head with projecting lower jaw 3 in length; depth 1.6; dorsal 13; anal 15; eye 2.25 in head; 
maxillary 1.33; pectoral 1.2; ventral 3. 
This species differs from P. spinoms Gunther (its nearest relative), in the character of the nuchal 
process. The upper of the 3 spines into which the process is divided is long, sharp, and straight; it 
extends at an oblique angle upward and backward; the distance from its tip vertically down to the 
outline of the back equals half diameter of pupil. This spine in P. spinosus, according to Dr. Gunther’s 
plate, extends but little above this outline; second spine shorter, and evidently variable in length. 
In the type it is at least three-fourths as long as the upper spine; in the 2 cotypes it is reduced to a 
very small inconspicuous spinule. Lower spine as long as, or not noticeably shorter than upper spine, 
curved downward and only slightly backward. 
Mr. C. Tate Regan lias kindly examined the type of P. spinosus and describes the nuchal process as 
follows: “The suprascapular spine has a few denticulations above and below. The 2 below, near its 
base, are somewhat enlarged, and might be called accessory spines, but the lower does not nearly 
approach in length the main spine.” 
A drawing accompanying Mr. Regan’s letter shows the lower spine straight, short, and pointing 
nearly directly backward. As compared with Gunther’s plate, the spine on preopercular angle, and 
the dark crossbar which extends downward from just in front of dorsal, are longer in this species. 
The species differs from P. nuttingi Gilbert, MS., from Hawaii, in the character of the nuchal 
propess, in being brighter silvery without dark specks scattered over the silver ground, in having the 
crossbar much smaller, and in having the series of photophores on lower side of caudal peduncle 
continuous with the supraanal series. 
Three specimens taken in Sagami Bay, at station 3698. The type is the largest, 65 mm. in length. 
No. 51451, U. S. Nat. Mus. A cotype is No. 8392, Stanford University. 
Diaphus watasei Jordan & Starks, new species. 
