JAPANESE FISHES. 
621 
Scales all small, those on back and sides of body mostly with 7 or 8 nearly parallel series of 
recumbent spines, the posterior in each series projecting beyond margin of scale; series inclined a little 
obliquely downward, those on successive scales often falling in same straight line; on the nape the 
scales are smaller and furnished with much longer spines less distinctly arranged in series; on the snout 
and interorbital region the spines are thicker and stand erect or nearly so; on the breast the spines 
are suberect and arranged in more numerous series on each scale. 
Color light brown, under side of head and abdomen purplish black, this color extending to above 
base of pectorals and backward to include the first 10 or 12 anal rays; the mouth, the branchial and 
abdominal cavities lined with black membrane. Basal half cf first dorsal whitish, distal half blackish. 
Ventrals blackish. 
The known specimens were dredged by the Albatross in Sagami and Suruga bays. Stations 
3695, 110 to 259 fathoms; 3697, 120 to 265 fathoms, both in Sagami Bay; station 3721, Suruga Bay, 207 
to 250 fathoms. 
( Condylura , the star-nosed mole.) 
TRACHONURUS Gunther. 
Trachonurus Gunther, Challenger Report, Deep-Sea Fishes, xxii, 124, 1887 (villosus). 
Scales not imbricated, separated by furrows, and densely covered with sharp spinules, so that the 
animal seems villous to the touch; dorsal spine smooth; dorsal much lower than anal; teeth in both 
jaws in villiform bands; snout obtuse, the mouth subinferior; suborbital ridge little developed. This 
genus is distinguished from Ccelorhynchus by the indistinct squamation. (rpaxvi, rough; ovpd, tail.) 
107 . Trachonurus villosus (Gunther). 
Coryphsenoides villosus Gunther, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1877, xx, p. 441; south of Tokyo in 343 fathoms; south of the 
Philippines in 500 fathoms. 
Hacrurus villosus Gunther, Deep Sea Fishes of Challenger, 1887, p. 142, pi. xxxvi, f. B. 
This species is known to us from Gunther’s account only. 
( Villosus, hairy. ) 
PLEURONECTirME. 
108 . Atheresthes evermanni Jordan & Starks, new species. (PI. 5, tig 1.) 
Head 3.3 in length; depth 3; P. 114; A. 94; scales 109; upper eye 4.75 in head; snout from upper 
eye 4; maxillary 1.9; pectoral of eyed side 2.1 ; of blind side 3.-25; upper lobe of caudal 1.75. 
Profile of snout on same curve with that behind eye; very slightly depressed above eye; eyes 
scarcely reaching to upper profile, the lower one the more anterior; interorbital appearing rather flat 
and moderately broad, the bone, however, narrow and convex, its width less than half diameter of 
pupil; nostrils close together, the posterior of eyed side in a broad short tube, anterior in a narrower, 
longer tube; anterior nostril of blind side with a long flap nearly a third as long as upper eye, 
broadening toward its tip and becoming conspicuously opaque white; snout with many pores scattered 
among the irregularly placed scales; mouth reaching to, or very slightly past, the vertical from 
posterior margin of lower eye; teeth long and slender and with lance-shaped points, in a single row 
on lower jaw, their length unequal; a double row of smaller teeth on side of upper jaw, the outer 
row the smaller; they grow larger anteriorly, become curved inward, fang-like and some of them 
depressible; gillrakers rather slender, the longest a trifle less than half length of eye, their number 
3-j-10; scales very finely ctenoid, the spinules short, fine, and numerous, only seen upon careful 
examination with a lens; many scales have only a few irregular spinules; others are entirely without 
them, appearing as if they had been rubbed off; head and body everywhere with numerous, small, 
cycloid supplementary scales crowded in; scales of blind side all cycloid; snout, mandible, 
maxillary, and interorbital with numerous small cycloid scales, those on latter extending out on 
eyeball to edge of iris; all fins rather closely covered with fine scales; lateral line slightly bending 
upward from opposite tip of pectoral. Pectoral of eyed side longer and more pointed than that of 
blind side; first ray of dorsal inserted above anterior margin of pupil; ventral short, scarcely reaching 
to front of anal. Caudal shallowly concave on posterior outline. 
Color uniformly dark brown without markings. 
This species differs from Atheresthes stomias, of the Alaskan fauna, in having only a single row of 
teeth on lower jaw, and the upper eye not reaching the upper profile. The scales are more strongly 
ctenoid and the anterior nostri 1 bears adong flap. 
The type and sole specimen is 270 cm. in length; it is from station 3772 in Matsushima Bay, and 
is numbered 51490, U. S. Nat. Mus. 
