102 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
From the east coast I went to the north coast of Jutland, but as 
there is no protection whatever for fishing- vessels, only very light boats 
can be used on this open coast ; they are principally open keel-boats, 
drawing 2J to 3 feet of water, with a suitable quantity of water-ballast 
and a crew of three to five men. In line-fishing the Lonstrup, Locken, 
and Blockhus fishermen use 7,200 hooks for catching haddock, cod, and 
halibut till February ; and from February they catch plaice, and also 
haddock and lobsters, with seines. Experiments with the seines used 
on this coast, which are taken out by two boats, might be advantage- 
ously made on the German coast. 
The conditions are very similar along the entire west coast of Jutland 
from Skagen to Biff Horn. In many places light and sometimes flat- 
bottomed boats, which are seaworthy on account of their breadth, are 
used, and are generally manned by two, four, and even seven fish- 
ermen. On this long coast-line many men are engaged in gaining a 
living from the sea, and thus benefit the country in general ; but the 
lack of suitable harbors is felt keenly, and many lives are lost in these 
fisheries. The construction of harbors on this sandy coast would in- 
volve a considerable expense. The fishing population, however, is lib- 
erally assisted by the Government, which, among other things, places 
every year eight fishing-boats at the different stations, which may be 
used by the fishermen whenever their own boats have been damaged. 
The Danish Government has not been slow in finding the most suita- 
ble places for constructing harbors. As I have already mentioned, 
a new harbor has been constructed at Frederikshavn, and another 
(called Esbjerg) on the southwest coast, in the shelter of the island of 
Fanoe. Fifteen years ago only one house was standing here, and to- 
day upwards of 2,000 people are living at Esbjerg. This place evidently 
has quite a future. It is the principal port of exportation for the prod- 
ucts of Jutland; cattle, butter, and eggs, and in spring fish are sent 
from here to Newcastle and London, two steamers per week sailing for 
these ports. The expectation that fishermen would settle at this place 
has been realized, for about one hundred persons living at Esbjerg 
are engaged in the fisheries. The harbor of Esbjerg is much used by the 
Fanoe fishermen, and as a port of refuge by German fishermen. 
The Jutland fishing-grounds are not so rich as those off the German 
coast of the North Sea, and the large quantities of fish caught off Jutland 
are owing to the circumstance that more persons are engaged in the 
fisheries than with us, and also because the fishermen follow more ra- 
tional methods of fishing. 
A Norderney line-boat (sloop) generally uses in line-fishing a line 
with 3,000 hooks per day, and is usually manned by three persons, 
sometimes three fishermen and a boy, so that of the profits three parts 
go to the fishermen, one part to the owner of the boat, and occasionally 
one-tenth to the boy. SomeDanish boats have two fishermen; the 
boat represents but a small value, and is owned by the two fishermen 
