826 BULLETIN OP THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
on the smack Monarch. This firm was succeeded by the Vulcan Iron 
Works Company, Limited, which company, according to Mr. Charles 
Hellyer, a smack-owner of that place, now manufacture the most ap- 
proved form of apparatus of this kind. This arrangement consists of a 
vertical steam-engine, fitted with two cylinders, each 4J inches diam- 
eter, 8-inch stroke, fixed on a strong standard, independent of the 
boiler, and equipped with patent high-speed governor and throttle- 
valve, improved stop-valve, treble-valve, force-pump, etc. The boiler 
is vertical also, with cross-tubes in the fire-box, lagged and cased, and 
provided with a full set of mountings and fittings, consisting of double 
safety-valve, steam pressure-gauge, two water-gauges, blow-off cock, 
chimney, and deck casing. The gearing consists of horizontal and ver- 
tical shafting, with the necessary foot-step and bearing, friction -clutch, 
bevel- wheel and pinion, and spur-pinion working into spur ring- wheel 
on capstan bottom. The friction apparatus is so arranged that it can 
readily be thrown in and out of gear by means of a lever on deck or in 
cabin companion. 
Mr. George E. Dunell gives the following additional particulars, in 
(London) Engineering, July 27, 1883, concerning the use of steam on 
trawling smacks : 
“ Steam gear is fitted on most vessels of this kind for the purpose of 
handling the heavy trawl used in modern times. The machinery on 
the Frank Buckland consists of a vertical boiler and a pair of inverted 
vertical non-condensing engines. 1 * The boilers generally used for this 
purpose are from 2 feet 9 inches to 3 feet in diameter and 6J to 7^ feet 
high. They have only one or two cross- tubes, all parts having to be as 
simple and accessible as possible, for frequently the attendance is not 
that of a highly- skilled operator, although some smacks carry a prop- 
erly-trained engineer attendant. The diameter of the cylinders is 5 to 
6 inches and the stroke about 10 to 12 inches; the steam pressure 
ranges between 50 and 65 pounds. The price of such an engine and 
boiler complete (but exclusive of water-tank) is from £125 to £145. 
Most of the trawlers carry a tank for fresh water holding 800 to 1,200 
gallons, but Mr. Alward thinks this an unnecessary refinement. Prob- 
ably, with a properly-instructed and careful engineer on board, who 
will ‘blow off 7 at intervals, and considering the simple nature of the 
boilers, salt water would answer very well for fe ed, and the room that 
would be occupied by the fresh- wate r tanks could be better utilized.” 
(b). The Dandy Winch or Wink. 
Holdsworth has described the u dandy wink” as u being shipped be- 
tween the head of the companion and the bulwark,” and this descrip- 
tion no doubt applied well enough to the Plymouth and Brixham trawl- 
ers at the time he wrote. 
On the larger ketch-rigged vessels it is placed some 10 or 12 feet aft 
1 A fine model of this smack was exhibited at the International Fisheries Exhibi- 
tion at London by Messrs. Alward &. Eskritt, of Grimsby. 
