BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 327 
of the companion, ami generally almost directly abreast of the mizzen- 
mast. A strong bitt-head, firmly secured to the deck by a knee on its 
after side — similar in shape to an ordinary windlass bitt — serves as a 
support for one end of the dandy wink, and the gearing by which it is 
worked, while an iron spindle in the opposite end fits into a socket on 
tlie rail, to which is also secured a dog or pawl which, dropping into an 
iron ratchet on the end of the wink, prevents the latter from turning 
back. (See Fig. 12.) The arrangement of cog-wheel work on this winch 
is such that two purchases can be obtained, one giving a rapid motion 
to the barrel of the winch, and the other, but more powerful purchase, 
turning it slower. It has already been explained that this is used to 
heave up the after end of the beam by means of the dandy bridle. 
(c). The Forward Winch. 
Another winch, which is used in handling the trawl, stands about half 
way between the windlass and mainmast on the larger ketch -rigged 
trawlers. This is worked, like the others, with a crank — one on each 
end if necessary. It is supported by two bitts, which are from 3J to 4 
feet high. On the starboard end is a large cog-wheel, into which plays 
a smaller cog-wheel on a shaft that is secured to the forward side of 
the bitts. If only a small power is required the wheels are uncoupled 
and the crank shipped on the shaft to which the power is to be applied. 
(d). The Dummy . 
Some 4 or 5 feet forward of the companion, and almost exactly in the 
center of the deck — either way — stands a large round post, some 3 feet 
high, called a u dummy.” (See Fig. 13.) This has four or more “ whelps” 
on it, and the trawl-warp is veered around it when the trawl is being 
shot, and to this stanchion, too, the warp is fastened while the gear is out 
and being towed over the ground. 
(e). The Trawl-Warp Boiler. 
Fixed between two stanchions, on the port side of a trawler, and di- 
rectly abreast of the capstan, is a large iron roller (see Fig. 14) for the 
trawl- warp to pass over when it is being hove in. This is provided with 
