40 
THE DESCENT OF MAN. 
Part I. 
and timidity are extremely variable qualities in the 
individuals of the same species, as is plainly seen in 
our dogs. Some dogs and horses are ill-tempered and 
easily turn sulky ; others are good-tempered ; and 
these qualities are certainly inherited. Every oue 
knows liow liable animals arc to furious rage, and how 
plainly they show it. Many anecdotes, probably true, 
have been published on the long-delayed and artful 
revenge of various animals. The accurate Eengger and 
Erehm 7 state that the American and African monkeys 
which they kept tame, certainly revenged themselves, 
llie love of a dog tor his master is notorious; in the 
agony ol death ho has been known to caress bis master, 
and every one has heard of the dog suffering under 
vivisection, who licked the hand of the operator; this 
man, unless ho had a heart ol stone, must have felt 
remorse to the last hour of his life. As Whewell 8 has 
remarked, “ who that reads the touching instances of 
maternal affection, related so often of the women of 
all nations, and of the females of all animals, can 
“ doubt that the principle of action is the same in the 
“ two cases ?” 
We see maternal affection exhibited in the most 
trifling details ; thus Eengger observed an American 
monkey (a Cebus) carefully driving away the flies which 
plagued her infant; and Duvaucel saw a llylobates 
washing the faces of her young ones iu a stream. So 
intense is the grief of female monkeys for the loss of 
their young, that it invariably caused the death of cer- 
tain kinds kept under confinement by Brehm in N. 
' All tlie following statements, given on the authority of those two 
naturalists, arc taken from Rengger’s ‘ Naturges. tier Saugetkiere 
vou Paraguay,’ 1830, s. 41-57, and from Brehm’s ‘ Thierleben ’ B i 
s. 10-87. 
8 ‘ Bridgewater Treatise,’ p. 203. 
