MENTAL POWERS. 
47 
■Cji. 
AP. II. 
"S and notice which the travellers received that the ice 
" as ^ e coniing thin and dangerous. Now, did the dogs 
?. ( * ^ llls from the experience of each individual, or from 
the 
example of the older and wiser dogs, or from an 
^ i'-rited habit, that is from an instinct? This instinct 
'ght possibly have arisen since the time, long ago, 
. °n dogs were first employed by the natives in draw- 
oi^ ^ 1G ' r s k‘dg es ; or the Arctic wolves, the parent-stock 
■ ^ le Esquimaux dog, may have acquired this instinct, 
^Tolling them not to attack their prey in a close pack 
qen on thin ice. Questions of this kind are most 
*® cu fr to answer. 
si, man y facts have been recorded in various works 
^owrng that animals possess some degree of reason, 
'■d I wip here give only two or three instances, authen- 
utcd Py iJengge^ an d relating to American monkeys, 
j s ^ 1 ®tand low in their order. He states that when 
. . ls f gave eggs to his monkeys, they smashed them 
rr U lost much of their contents ; afterwards they 
q/v. p one end against some hard body, and picked 
^ f ie bits of shell with their fingers. After cutting 
lire llSe ves °nfy once with any sharp tool, they would 
touch it again, or would handle it with the greatest 
Lumps of sugar were often given them wrapped 
ll P in 
Paper; and Iiengger sometimes put a live wasp 
stu Pa l >e fr so that in hastily unfolding it they got 
lieh 8 ’ after 1:11 is lia<i ouce happened, they always first 
witl -tlle lmcket to their ears to detect any movement 
the Un ’ An y one who is not convinced by such facts as 
that 6 * aiK ^ ^ what he may observe with his own dogs, 
auvj i arnma E can reason, would uot be convinced by 
one U1 ® f could add. Nevertheless I will give 
obs ; CaS ° res pect to dogs, as it rests on two distinct 
of „ V °f S ’ an< f C£ ni hardly depend on the modification 
1 an y instinct. 
