THE YOUNG LIKE THE ADULT FEMALES. 199 
•«4P. 
XVI. 
s 
ubsequently, the females from the danger 
during incubation, and the 
m- 
*'‘“ u 6 muuwHiuu, auu me young from being 
fenced, had been rendered dull as a protection. 
Hot ^ n ' s v ' ew ls not supported by any evidence, and is 
p P^°bable; for we thus in imagination expose during 
, V ]'. ' tomes the females and the young to danger, from 
ti i ^‘ as subsequently been necessary to shield their 
a r , lf * ec ^ descendants. VVe have, also, to reduce, through 
^ I dual process of selection, the females and the young 
k 1 lllos t exactly the same tints and markings, and to 
lif' e them to the corresponding sex and period of 
it is also a somewhat strange tact, on the suppo- 
(j u ° u that the females and the young have partaken 
to- 
f'Me: 
o each stage of the process of modification of a 
i ( 11(i y to be as brightly coloured as the males, that the 
a, " lf -s have never been rendered dull-coloured without 
a ,, e •> 0, iug participating in the same change; for there 
t; instances, as far as T can discover, of species with the 
mes dull-coloured and the young bright-coloured. A 
- . u d exception, however, is offered by the young of cer- 
Woodpeckers, for they have “the whole upper part 
,i J die head 
tinged with red,’ 
which afterwards either 
dii, 
$ 
*-• ' ' 
U*«e. into a mere circular red line in the adults of 
^ sexes, or quite disappears in the adult females. 12 
tl fe 1Ua %, with respect to our present class of cases, 
V probable view appears to he that successive 
t fc) , s d d°ns in brightness or in other ornamental cbarac- 
Ijf ! 1 ° Ccuri 'ing in the males at a rather late period of 
Of 
, le h; 
tk 
^ ave alone been preserved ; and that most or all 
"If ! ese variations owing to the late period of life at 
^itt * a PP eare£ i, have been from the first trans- 
e d only to the adult male offspring. Any varia- 
nt ls• Ul ^ Ub , 0n, * Ornith.. Biography,’ vol. i. p. 193. Macgillivray, ‘ Hist. 
? r<as »' v °t iii. p. 85. See also the ease before given of Indopicus 
