C «AP. VIII. 
SEXUAL SELECTION. 
2G7 
more frequently present sexual differences than almost 
a hy other group of mammals, especially in their weapons, 
tut likewise in other characters. Most deer, cattle, and 
sheep are polygamous ; as are most antelopes, though 
Some of the ' latter are monogamous. Sir Andrew 
Smith, in speaking of the antelopes of South Africa, 
Sa J r s that in herds of about a dozen there was rarely 
more than one mature male, iho Asiatic Ant dope 
dj r i appears to he the most inordinate polygamist 
iu the world; for Pallas 6 states that the male drives 
a Way all rivals, and collects a herd of about a hundred, 
insisting of females and kids : the female is hornless 
and has softer hair, but docs not otherwise differ much 
from the male. The horse is polygamous, but, except 
'u his greater size and in the proportions ol his both , 
differs but little from the mare. The wild boar, in his 
great tusks and some other characters, presents well- 
marked sexual characters ; in Europe and in India he 
^uds a solitary life, except during the breeding-season ; 
W at this season he consorts in India with several 
fmiales, as Sir W. Elliot, who has had large experience 
111 observing this animal, believes : whether this holds 
&»od j n Europe is doubtful, but is supported by some 
statements. The adult male Indian elephant, like the 
^°ar, p asses muc h of his time in solitude ; but when 
as sociating with others, “it is rare to find,”, as Dr. 
Campbell states, “more than one male with a whole 
" herd of females.” The larger males expel or kill the 
s uialler and weaker ones. The male differs from the 
tamale by his immense tusks and greater size, strength, 
and endurance ; so great is the difference in these latter 
' f alias, ‘ Spicilcgia Zoolog.’ Fnsc. xii. 1777, p. 20. Sir Andrew 
maith, > Illustrations of the Zoology of S. Africa,’ 1849, pi. 29, on the 
_°htts. Owen, in his ‘Anatomy ol Vertebrates (vol. iii. 1818, p. 683) 
Sffes a table incidentally showing which species of Antelopes pair and 
lc h are gregarious. , 
