Chap. XI. 
BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS. 
413 
female alone mocks a brilliantly-coloured and protected 
species inhabiting the same district. Consequently the 
female differs in colour from her own male, and, which 
is a rare and anomalous circumstance, is the more 
brightly-coloured of the two. In all the few species of 
Pieridae, in which the female is more conspicuously 
coloured than the male, she imitates, as I am informed 
by Mr. Wallace, some protected species inhabiting the 
same region. The female of Diadema anomala is rich 
purple-brown with almost the whole surface glossed with 
satiny blue, and she closely imitates the Euplcea rnida- 
mus, “one of the commonest butterflies of the East;” 
whilst the male is bronzy or olive-brown, with only a 
slight blue gloss on the outer parts of the wings . 28 
Both sexes of this Diadema and of I). Mina follow 
the same habits of life, so that the differences in colour 
between the sexes cannot be accounted for by exposure 
to different conditions ; 29 even if this explanation were 
admissible in other instances ." 0 
The above cases of female butterflies which are more 
brightly-coloured than the males, shew us, firstly, that 
variations have arisen in a state of nature in the female 
sex, and have been transmitted exclusively, or almost ex- 
clusively, to the same sex ; and, secondly, that this form 
of inheritance has not been determined through natural 
selection. For if we assume that the females, before 
they became brightly coloured in imitation of some pro- 
tected kind, were exposed during each season for a longer 
period to danger than the males ; or if we assume that 
28 Wallace, 14 Notes on Eastern Butterflies, Transact. Ent. feoc. 
1869, p. 287. 
23 Wallace, in ‘Westminster Beview,’ July, 1867, p. 37; and in 
‘ Journal of Travel and Nat. Hist. vol. i. 1868, p. SS. 
30 See remarks by Messrs. Bates and Wallace, in ‘ Proc. Ent. Soc.’ 
Nov. 19, 1866, p. xxxix. 
