280 
SEXUAL SELECTION: MAMMALS. 
Part 
II. 
trated whilst young never emits it . 10 Besides the general 
odour, with which the whole body of certain ruminant® 
seems to be permeated during the breeding-season, man,'' 
deer, antelopes, sheep, and goats, possess odoriferofl® 
glands in various situations, more especially on their 
iaees. The so-called tear-sacks or suborbital pits coin*' 
under this head. These glands secrete a semi-fl 11 ' 1 * 
fetid matter, which is sometimes so copious as to stain 
the whole face, as I have seen in the case of an ante" 
lope. They are “ usually larger in the male than i ’ 1 
“ the female, and their development is checked by ca®* 
“ tration .” 11 According to Desmarest they are alto* 
gether absent in the female of Antilope sulgutturosa- 
Hence, there can be no doubt that they stand in son> e 
close relation with the reproductive functions. They 
are also sometimes present, and sometimes absent, 
nearly-allied forms. In the adult male musk-deer 
( Moschus moschifervs), a naked spice round the tail 
is bedewed with an odoriferous fluid, whilst in the 
adult female, and in the male, until two years old, tbi® 
space is covered with hair and is not odoriferous. Tl* e 
proper musk-sack, from its position, is necessarily con* 
lined to the male, and forms an additional soent-orgfl®' 
It is a singular fact that the matter secreted by this 
latter gland does not, according to Pallas, change hi 
consistence, or increase in quantity, during the rutting* 
season; nevertheless this naturalist admits that its pi’ e * 
sence is in some way connected with the act of repr°* 
10 Eengger, ‘ Naturgeschichte dor Saugethiere von Paraguay,’ 
s. 355. 'I- his observer also gives some curious particulars in regard t° 
the odour emitted. 
11 Owen, 1 Anatomy of Vertebrates,’ vol. iii, p. 632. See, also, D r - 
Murie’s observations on their glands in ‘Proc. Zoolog. Soc.’ I* 70 ’ 
p. 340. Desmarest, On the Antilope subgutturoea, • Mammalogie,’ 1S 2 °> 
p. 455. 
