Observations on Maddening . 
im 
No. 18. 
Observations on Maddening ; together with a simple and 
certain Process for obtaining , with great Beauty and 
Fixity , that colour known under the name of the Tur* 
key or Adrianople Med . By J. M. Haussmann.* 
I have already indicated, in the Annates de Chimie f 
and the Journal de Physique , that earths and metallic 
oxides have more or less the property of attracting and 
retaining the colouring parts of vegetable and animal 
substances ; alumine and the oxide of iron possess it in 
a greater degree than the oxide of tin ; but the attractive 
force of the latter far surpasses that of the other earths 
and metallic oxides in regard to the colouring parts of 
the said substances. 
Alumine and metallic oxides do not retain, with the 
same force of adhesion, the colouring parts of all animal 
and vegetable subjects indiscriminately s that of madder 
adheres much stronger than those of the other colouring 
substances, which may be classed in the following order : 
kermes, cochineal, logwood, yellow India wood, woad, 
quercitron, Brazil wood, red India wood, yellow berries, 
&c. The gall-nut, shumac, and other astringent colour- 
ing substances, act principally by means of the gallic 
acid, and, in regard to their degree of fixity, may be 
placed immediately after madder : the case is not the 
* Tillocb, vol. 12. p. 170. From the Annales de Chimie, No. 122. 
f We must here mention, that C. Chaptal, minister of the interior, a good 
judge in matters of this kind, when he communicated to us these observations, 
wrote as follows : te C. Haussmann, manufacturer of printed cottons at Lagle- 
foach, near Colmar, in the department of the Upper Rhine, well known among 
those chemists who apply the discoveries of science to improvements in the 
arts, transmitted to me the annexed memoir. In my opinion it will be of utility 
to make it known in your Annals, and the author on my request has consented to 
its being published.*’ JYote of the Editors of the Annales de Chimie. 
