154 
Iron . 
than a coak furnace: and rich ore requires less than 
poor ore* The rich Lancashire ore of England worked. 
with wood charcoal does not require more than one-fif- 
teenth, or even one-twentieth of limestone : for as the ore 
abounds in metal, it contains a less quantity of earths thafc 
require to be fluxed. 
As to the charges in this country, where charcoal and 
not coak is used, they vary considerably, but I do not find 
that the variation sufficiently depends upon principle. I 
have already stated a common charge. 
According to the report of Mess. Dangenoux and 
Wendell on the iron works of Styria and Carinthia, 1 Jars 
58, the coal measure at Eisenhartz, is three feet diameter 
at the top, one and a half foot at the bottom, and two feet 
deep. 
The ore measure is 26 inches high, 21 inches top 
diameter, and 12 inches in the bottom. The charge is 2 
measures of charcoal to one of ore. 
At Vordenburg, the charge is 3 measures of charcoal, 
each measure being 30 inches deep, by 30 inches top di- 
ameter, and 18 inches bottom diameter, to one measure 
of ore, the measure being 18 inches square and 17 inches 
deep. All this however, as well as the proportion of flux, 
is of no consequence to the reader, and gives no informa- 
tion unless he knew the quality of the iron-stone. In 
many parts of Germany as I find by perusing the nume- 
rous accounts given by Jars, they make use of waackcn 
as a flux. What Mr. Pott in his Lithogeognosie meant 
by waacken, I know not ; it is impossible not to regret 
that a work in other respects so excellent should be ren- 
. 8 , 
dered useless by the want of an accurate mineralogical 
language. The present waacken of the Germans, is an 
argillo-siliceous stone, consisting of nearly equal parts of 
the 2 earths. Hence the ores to which it is used, must i 
be those wherein the particles of iron are enveloped in 
■calcareous or limestone earth* 
