Iron. 
213 
in the furnace, so in the same proportion will the vitrid 
crust encircling the working bars exhibit the presence of 
that principle in the furnace.” 
“ The highly carburetted, kishy, smooth faced, very fusi- 
ble iron, No. 1, beam the best price, as it is used for all 
the finer castings, and for cast iron cutting, as forks, scis- 
sors, &c. 
The iron called melting iron, No. 2, is also super-carbo- 
nated, or carburetted, but in a less degree ; this is used 
for wheels, beams, pillars, railways, &c. 
The forge pig is used exclusively for malleable iron. 
The following account may serve to throw some light 
on the faults and defects of iron and therefore I have a- 
bridged it from the 8th Sect, of Bergman (or Gadolin’s 
thesis) de Analyst Ferri . 
Peregrina ferro inhcerentia. Of the foreign substances 
contained in iron. 
These are, manganese, arsenic, zinc, plumbago, and 
sulphuric acid. He might have added, nickel, siderite or 
phosphat of iron, and copper. 
If the ore be fused with 5 times its weight of nitre, the 
manganese if any, will be discovered by the blue tinge of 
the fused slag : when iron is also dissolved in the scoria, 
the glass will be of a bluish green ; but I do not know 
that manganese is any detriment either to iron or steeh 
Its properties were first detected by Bergman in his dis- 
sertation on the white ores of iron. No coal should be 
permitted to enter the crucible in this experiment. From 
Bergman’s Experiments, most of the Swedish crude iron 
appears to contain manganese. This substance may also 
be detected by boiling iron in strong clear vinegar ; then 
add a solution of pearl ash. If there be a white precipi- 
tate, it is manganese : one part of the dried precipitate, 
denotes 1-2 apart of metallic manganese. We are sadly 
in want of a series of experiments to ascertain the effect 
