Machine for beating out Hemp seed . 467 
done with less than half the expense of thrashing in the usual way. 
I am, Sir, your obedient servant, 
EZEKIEL CLEALL. 
Reference to the Engraving of Mr. CleaWs machine for beating 
out Hemp, Seeds and Flax Seeds. Pl. II. Fig. 1, 2. 
Fig. 1 . Represents the machine, for beating out hemp seeds, 
in which A is the table or board on which the hemp is to be 
placed ; B the axis in which the four arms CCCC are fixed j 
DDDD, eight single flails, moving upon four pins near the extre- 
mities of the four arnis ; these flails diverge from the pins on 
which they move, so that two of them united on each arm are near- 
ly in the form of the letter V. E is the winch or handle by which 
the machine is put in motion ; F F, two upright pieces of wood 
to sustain the axle of the machine ; G, an upper cross piece, to 
secure the uprights firm ; H H, the two bottom pieces or sills, in 
which the two uprights are mortised, also the two smaller up- 
rights which support the board or table A ; I I, two lower cross 
pieces to secure the machine firmly ; K K, two levers on which the 
table A rests, and by which it may be raised or lowered, as thought 
necessary, by iron pins, at K K, passing through these levers and 
the two uprights. 
When the machine is used, the hemp must be laid on the ta- 
ble A, and moved about in different directions by the person who 
holds it, whilst another person turns the machine by the handle E j 
the flails D of the machine fall in succession on the hemp ; as the 
axis moves round they beat out the seeds as different surfaces of 
the hemp are exposed on the table, and when the seeds are all 
beaten out from one parcel of hemp, a fresh quantity is applied 
upon the table. 
Fig. 2. Represents one of the flax beaters, which is made of a 
solid piece of wood, one of which is attached instead of the two 
flails, to, every arm, when the machine is employed for beating out 
flax seeds, as they require more force to separate them from the 
flax plant. 
Machine for breaking Hemp , by TV, Bond , Esq ... of Canada. Ibid. 18. 
In all new countries where labourers are scarce, we find many 
contrivances calculated for the purpose of reducing labour, more 
for the sake of expedition than ease ; such, for instance, as the 
Saw mill, the hoe, ploughs, scythe and cradle for cutting and ga- 
