6 Memoir on the Vineyards and Wines 
row, one foot and a Iialf in depth, by two or three feet in 
length : the plant is introduced into it and covered with 
earth, sloping it in such a way as to uncover only two or 
three inches of the extremity of the plant, to which a 
horizontal and erect position is also given. Each hole 
of this kind is one foot and a half from the one adjoin- 
ing, and on the same line in vineyards where the soil is 
rich ; two feet being allowed in light soils. An interval 
of three feet is left between the rows of the plants, and 
care is taken when a new row is begun : the plants must 
not be placed perpendicularly, and directly above each 
other. 
VI. What is the Way in which the Shoots are made P 
The plants are inserted into turfs, or in longuettes. 
The longuette is a mere naked twig, which had been left 
the year preceding, and which is now carefully raised 
and detached, leaving the young roots behind it. 
The turf plant, or marcotte , consists in digging up a 
turf in the marshes, and introducing into it in spring, by 
means of a hole made in the middle of the turf, the lon- 
guette or slip intended to be planted : this shoot with its 
earthy appendage is then fixed in the ground, sloping it 
as usual : the root is formed in the course of the year, 
and with a pruning-knife the longuette is cut close to the 
top of the shoot, and they are then removed by men, or 
on the backs of animals, in order to be afterwards plant- 
ed : this last way is the most expensive, but it is the 
surest, and advances the vine very fast in respect to ve- 
getation. 
One hundred of longuettes or bare slips cost four or five 
livres, and turf plants cost from 12 to 14 livres. 
But as two longuettes are requisite for each hole or fur 
row, when they plant in this way there is a trifling sav- 
ing, although the other method is far preferable. 
