378 Method of Securing Carnage Wheels . 
are shown, and the other beams to make all sound and 
firm, which were removed in the other figure to show the 
braces. 
No. 75. 
Method to prevent the Occidents which frequently happen 
from the Linchpins of Carriages breaking or coining 
out. By Mr. J. Varty.* 
(With an engraving 1 .) 
SIR — Herewith you will receive a model of an axle 
tree for public machines, intended to prevent the wheel 
from coming off, if the linchpin should break, and there- 
by prevent many dangerous consequences. When the 
idea first suggested itself to me, I put it in practice in a 
stage coach, which has since run from Liverpool to Litch- 
field, a distance of eighty-four miles, six days per week^ 
for the last six months. During that time several in- 
stances have occurred in which the linchpins have broke 
or come out, but owing to this contrivance no accident 
has happened therefrom. W e almost daily hear of stage 
coaches being upset, which more frequently arises from 
linchpins breaking than from any other cause. 
In offering this model to the Society of Arts, &c. for 
their inspection, I anticipate the pleasure of their sanc- 
tion, as I can furnish satisfactory vouchers of its proved 
utility. I am, &c. 
J. Varty. 
Description of the Engraving. Plate IS, Fig. % and 5. 
Fig. 4 is a section of the nave of a carriage wheel, 
with the axle-tree AA in it ; and fig. 5 is a separate view 
• Nicholson, vol. 26, p„ 189. From the Transactions of the Society for the Bn » 
®ouragement oj fcs'c. yoL 2 7, p. 145,— For this invention the silver medal was 
voted to Mr. Varty. 
