JL02 Steam Engine, 
a vacuum is formed in the receiver; consequently, there 
is nothing to counterbalance the pressure of the atmos- 
phere, which acting upon the water in the well, forces it 
up the rising-pipe, and fills the receiver. The steam- 
cock is now opened ; and the steam from the boiler rush- 
ing in with great violence, presses upon the surface of tlae 
water in the receiver, and forcing it through the pipes, into 
the rising-pipe, causes it to shut the valve n, and open 
the Ollier valve i ; and, provided the steam be sufficiently 
strong, will force it up the rising-pipe to the top k, where 
it is delivered. The cock c is kept open until all the wa- 
ter be driven out of the receiver, and it is again filled with 
steam. The regulator is now applied, which shuts the 
steam-cock, whilst at the same time it opens the injection- 
cock. The rising-pipe being still full of water, a stream 
of cold water proceeds through the pipe e, and enters the 
receiver in a shower. This instantly condenses the steam 
in the receiver, and produces a vacuum as before ; in con- 
sequence of which, the water from the well is again forced 
up by the external pressure of the atmosphere, and the re- 
ceiver is again filled with water. The regulator is then 
turned, which shuts the injection- cock and opens the 
steam-cock, which permits the steam from the boiler to 
press upon the water, and again force it up the rising-pipe. 
This operation filling the receiver with water by means of 
a vacuum produced in it, and forcing it up the rising- 
pipe by the pressure of the steam from the boiler, is con- 
stantly repeated, by merely turning the regulator, which 
shuts and opens the steam-cocks and injection-cocks alter- 
nately. 
This construction of the steam-engine is extremely 
simple, and might perhaps be successfully applied for 
some purposes. But it has several considerable defects, 
it may readily be appre hended, that the action of the di- 
rect stean| on any definite surface (such, for example, as 
