147 
Political Economy r 
who may be presumed to have good appetites^ — and about five 
millions of manufacturers, and mechanics,* who probably like to 
keep themselves warm— these deductions will amount to a great 
sum. 
Great Britain and Ireland, generally, export no grain, but they 
certainly export a considerable value in linens, and in woollen 
goods. We have, therefore, in order to find out what the home 
trade would be, unaided by foreign ti'ade^ for that is the real point 
under consideration— we have further to deduct from the value of 
the circulating agricultural produce, so much flax, and wool, as 
the foreign trade takes oiT directly., in the manufactured state. 
We have further to deduct from the value of the same circula- 
ting agricultural, and manufacturing produce, so much as fhe fo- 
reign trade takes'*off indirectly, in consequence of the consumption 
of that vast mass of consumers, whom the foreign trade keeps con- 
suming ; for we have seen that so much of the home trade, as is 
thereby occasioned, is indirectly foreign. The foreign trade may 
justly claim it as its own. 
But, if we deduct from the total value of the produce of agrh 
culture, and manufactures, 
1. So much asdoes7io? circulate. And from the portion which 
does circulate 
2. So much as the foreign trade consumes directly. And fur- 
ther, 
3. So much as it consumes indirectly— hy which two items 
home trade would diminish if no foreign trade existed ; 
Then you will allow that the 220 millions of pounds sterling, 
which dazzle us in your political arithmetic, will shrink into a 
sum — ~co?nparatively lean.\ 
* The reverse qf this, is about the true proportion. The late population, 
returns state the number of families in Great Britain at 2,544,000 : of which 
895,000 only are employed in agriculture, 1,129,000 in manufactures, trade, 
and handicraft employments. The very poor, the rich and the professional^ 
airiount to 519,000. T. C. 
j- I see no reason whatever for these deductions. The home trade brings 
Into market the value of consumable produce nearly as I have stated it : no 
matter how or by whom it is consumed. The value is not lessened whether 
the consumer be a foreigner or a native. The question is, what is the quantum 
of industry put in motion ; this is measured by the consumable produce rai- 
sed: it is of no consequence to whom it is disposed of, if its value be obtain 
T.C, 
