4*60 Cookery, 
eular fibre is evident from the strong broth that can be made of 
it. Beef-tea for instance : while the albumen rises in scum. This 
broth also contains much of the contents of the lymphatic and the 
serum, which give flavour i the colouring particles of the blood, 
temain in the meat. 
The fat is insoluble in water, but by means of flour as a liaison^ 
ifeay be rendered miscible with water. The use of liaisons, is of 
equal importance to the poor and the rich, and not well under- 
stood by either in this country. 
Bones contain much gelatin and marrow, amounting to half 
their weight, which can be gotten out, by boiling in a pot with a 
close cover. In common practice you may dissolve one fourth of 
the weight of the bone. 
In boiling, the coagulated albumen separates from the fibrin, 
and swims in the form of a scum, which is usually thrown away, 
but it is very nutritive ; and by means of flour, as a liaison, can be 
made miscible with the broth. We regard the scum of a pot as 
dirt and feculent matter ; it is not so, unless where dust has been 
negligently admitted. The poor therefore should not throw it 
away. 
Of all the parts of an animal, the flesh is the least and the faf 
the most nutritive. 
I think it worth while to detail my reasons at large ; or rather 
my authorities. 
1st. In all cold countries, where the climate requires strong 
food, animal oil is universally resorted to. I instance Kamschatka, 
Norway, Lapland. 
2dly, In all warm countries. Where meat is forbidden, either by 
poverty, by the climate, or by the priesthood, fat is necessary to 
support muscular strength. Thus in the East Indies among the 
Hindoos, oil and ghee, are universally used with the rice. In 
Italy and Spain, among the poor, oil of olive is necessary with 
their bread, salt, and garlic, where labour is to be performed. 
3dly, Among the American Indians, bear’s fat and bear’s oil 
are universally held in first rate estimation from one end of the 
continent to the other. No jerk would support a travelling Indian, 
unless he had bear’s oil to dip it in, or Tossamanonny to eat with 
it. (Young Indian corn, dried gradually to a chocolate brown, and 
reduced to a coarse powder.) 
4thly, “ I experienced,” says M, De Pages, (in his travels on 
the Red river and thence to Natchitoches) “ the truth of what is 
