ON THE PROPAGATION OF CONIFERiE. 
ber ; but, it is mucli better to work it on Taxodium distichiun : this must be done as soon as the yoxuig 
slioots begin to ripen, which mil be about July. The young plants wiE thus have time to grow before 
the "winter sets in. 
Cmmiiiffhamia sinensis, (BeKs jaculifolia), is propagated, very freely, by cuttiags planted in pots 
of Hght sandy soU, in spring and autmnn. 
Cupressus. These are best raised fi-om seeds, as seedlings are fomid to make the finest plants. C. 
sempervirens, in particular, is not so successfully propagated by any other mode ; cuttings grow very 
slowly. August and September are the most suitable months for grafting the better sorts on seedlings 
of C. sempervii-ens. 
Dacrydium. These are propagated, most readily, by cuttings taken in August and September. D. 
Franklinii, (Huon Pine), grows veiy fi-eely, by cuttings. D. BidwilUi is most successfully propagated, 
by being grafted in August, on Podocarpus spicatus. 
Dammara. All the species of this genus are somewhat difficult to propagate by cuttings ; they are 
therefore, best grafted on Araucaria imbricata or A. braziliensis. It sometimes happens that a tenacious 
substance gathers on the incision made on the stock ; and, it may be well to observe here, that such 
substance is not detrimental to the development of the graft, and it may therefore be allowed to remain. 
Exocai-pus. This is readily propagated fi-om cuttings taken in August and September. 
Juniperus. These are readily propagated from cuttings taken in August and September. The rai'er 
kinds may also be successfiilly grafted on J. vii-giniana, at the same season. 
Larix. See Finns. 
Lihocedrus, is very near to Thuja, and may be similarly managed. 
Picea. See Pinns. 
Pinus. This is a very rich tribe, and includes the follo'i^'ing section : — Pinus, Picea, Abies, Larix, 
and Cedi'us. Propagation, by cuttings, is very difficult, and they are much more readily raised by 
grafting on those to which they are allied. They are also fi'eely propagated by seed. Abies, Picea, 
and Ccdi'us, however, can be propagated by cuttings more readily than by any other means. The best 
time for taking cuttings, and perfoi-ming the operation of grafting, is m February and March, or Sep- 
tember and October. The stock and graft should be of equal size, as they then join much better, and 
sooner than when unequal. Only such pines as are quite hardy should be selected for grafting- 
on, and the strongest stocks should always be used. Pinus Strobiis, and P. sylvestris, grow very well 
in the open ground ; but P. Mughus is the best adapted for exposui'e in places where the climate is 
cold. Cedrus grows freely fi'om cuttings, and is also readily grafted on the hardy species of Pinus, Larix 
sibii'ica, L. americana, and others, can only be propagated well and readily, when grafted on L. eui'opea, 
and its varieties. Picea and Abies may be readily worked on stocks of each other, but the best stocks 
to graft upon, are Abies excelsa, and P. pectinata, 
Podocarpus. This is readily propagated by cuttings made any time between September and April. 
Cuttings of P. spicatus (Mai), should not be taken before October as the yoimg shoots are scarcely ripe 
before that time ; those of P. elatus should be fenced separately, in small pots, and the young plants 
should be well established before being shifted. New sorts, which are not so easily struck, may be 
grafted on P. elongatus. 
Pliyllocladus. This is readily raised fi'om cuttings, taken in August and September, or in February 
and March. The shoots of last Summer's growth only should be selected ; cuttings from branches two 
years old may reqmre to stand more than a year before they strike. 
Torreya taxifolia. This is a very fine species, and is readily propagated from cuttings, between 
September and March. 
Taxodium distichum, (Cupressus distichum.) The best mode of propagating these is by seeds; 
and those obtained from the countries of which it is a native, are to be preferred. The plants obtained 
from seeds make the best of all stocks to work the following kinds on : — Taxodium pendula, T. Muciferum, 
T, distichum, T. semp)ervirens, and Cryptomeria japonica. These may all be grafted in July. If there 
is no opportmiity of obtauiing seeds, it wUl be advisable to select cuttings of the yomig shoots of an old 
plant of T. distichum, which has been cut down as afready du-ected under Araucaria. 
Taxus. All the species and varieties of this genus may be propagated freely by cuttings made in 
autumn and spring ; they may also be grafted on Taxus baccata, at any season, excepting when it is 
making its growth. The best time for the operation is August. 
Thuja. All the species of this genus may be readily propagated by cuttings, with the exception 
of T. pendula, the habit of which does not so well admit of this mode of propagation. It is most readily 
worked on Thuja orieutalis or occidentahs. 
Widdringtonia. ' This is easily propagated by cuttings taken from August till November. 
