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bulbs, wbich are produced in clusters around the thick 
end of the fleshy roots, may be planted some time in 
March, in rows a foot apart, and about the same dis- 
tance apart in the rows ; they should be put in thi'ee 
inches deep. During summer, they only reqxiire occa- 
sional hoeing, and watering when the weather is very 
dry. The fleshy portion, which is eaten, is not formed 
until late in autumn, consequently by the month of 
October the surface of the ground should be covered 
over with litter, as a protection from early frosts, and 
so that the roots may grow on without disturbance. 
By the end of November some of the roots would be 
ready for use, and may be taken up ; but the majority 
should be left in the ground as long as possible, so that 
frosts and rain are kept from them, which may be done 
by means of any spare lights or shutters. Before the 
weather gets very severe they must be taken up and 
stored amongst dry sand, in a cool dry place, beyond 
roach of fi-ost. A supply of the bulbs — the scaly 
bodies clustered about the base of the stems at the top 
of the fleshy roots — must be retained for the next 
year's planting. The young leaves and flowers are 
sometimes used in soups and salads, as arc those of the 
Oxalis crenata, but for these purposes they are not of 
much importance. — Ation. 
Turmps of Finland, and Fcirosowoode. — At the 
present day many new varieties are cultivated in France ; 
three of these, raised so late as 1S4S, from their great 
merits deserve particular notice. They are somewhat 
extensively gro%vn in Finland and Petrosowoode, pro- 
vinces of the Russian empire, and belong to the half 
hardy section. They are remarkable for their eaidiness, 
and do not appear to sufl'er from frost in the moderate 
parts of France, although the fleshy part of the root is 
almost entirely above the surface of the ground. These 
varieties do not present any striking dilference except 
in colour, being equal in size ; the general form is round 
and depressed, and the skin is smooth. One of them 
is of a beautifid violet colour ; the flesh pleasant, and 
deep yeUow of excellent quality ; the root slender, short, 
without ramifications, and inserted in a deep cavity 
about three quarters of an inch in diameter at the sur- 
face, which cavity is very peculiar, and essentially 
characteristic of this sort ; the leaves are always of a 
lively green, rounded at their extremities, and very 
deeply cut. For a general crop it is necessary to sow 
the seed of this sort fi-om the beginning of July tiU the 
end of August. It thrives best in a sandy or light soil, 
and is apt to have an unpleasant acrid taste if grown in 
very rich ground. At the commencement of July 1847, 
in a visit to the Scnnaia or vegetable mai'ket of St. 
Petersburgh, M. Masson noticed a quantity of these roots 
in excellent preservation, although obtained the preceding 
year ; this fact sufficiently proves that their keeping- 
properties are much greater than most of the other sorts. 
This vegetable is much used by the inhabitants of Fin- 
land ; great quantities are also consumed by the Eussian 
navy, and it is kept in store from one year to the other 
for this piu-pose. The vegetation of this variety, when 
in store, is considerably retarded by the leaves being 
taken off as soon as they are a few inches long ; they 
form an excellent ingredient in salads, for which pur- 
i 
pose they are much used. Swedish turnips are much 
used in England as house fodder for cows, but this new 
variety, from its carliness, has many advantages over 
them, as it may be sown at the beginning of September, 
and yield a good crop the same year. Very likely also 
these varieties in their young state may be found very 
good for pickling as well as similar cidinary uses. — 
£evue Sorticole. 
CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
TuE Quarterly Meeting, and Competition in Florists' 
Flowers, was held in the Society's Experimental Gar- 
den, Inverleith, on the 6th of June. The Hall contained 
a rich display of articles sent for competition, while the 
large Winter Garden structure was filled with brilliant 
flowers, sent for exhibition only. The best twelve 
Eanunciduses were sent by Mr. J. Toimg, gardener to 
T. Oliver, Esq., Newington Lodge, the varieties being 
Queen Victoria, Prince Albert, Minerva, Dr. Goldsmith, 
Ramsay, Florida, Earl Grey, Kilgour's Mottled, Van- 
guard, Apollo, Kilgour's Straw Mottled, and John Knox. 
Some very select stands of Pansies were produced. The 
Silver Medal was awarded to Mr. John Currie, gardener 
to Miss "Wedderburn, Inveresk Lodge, for fine flowers 
of the following varieties: — ConsteUatiou," Magnificent, 
Model of Perfection, Cossack, Aurora, Blue Queen, 
Climax, Potentate, Lord Hardinge, Duke of NorfoUc, 
France Cycole, Sambo, Supreme, Miss Wedderburn, 
Lord Nelson, Almanzor, Pliny, Marchioness of Ailsa, 
Douglas, Brilliant, Perfection, Optimus, Elegant, Himt's 
Wellington, and Mrs. Bragg. A second premium was 
awarded to Mr. Alexander King, Inveresk, Mussel- 
burgh, whose varieties were — Rainbow, Supreme, Op- 
timus, France Cycole, Marchioness of Ailsa, Potentate, 
Mrs. Bragg, Mrs. Hamilton, Zabdi, Constellation, 
Almanzor, PUny, Magic Circle, Orestes, Lady Sale, 
Climax, Gremlin, Douglas, Alboni, Satuist, Elegant, 
Cypress, Ne plus ultra, and Aurora. 
In the competition for Tiilips, the only lot which 
was considered deserving of the prize, was set aside in 
consequence of an informality in the declaration by the 
competitor, Mr. John Oliver, Larbert. 
The first prize for Pelargoniums was gained by Mr. 
A. Cossar, gardener to Lady Hay, King's meadows, 
Peebles, with Beck's Cruenta, Arabella, Gustavus, Cen- 
turion, Lyne's Chaplet, and Queen Anne. Fems grown 
in pots were shown by Mr. R. Veitch, gardener, Arniston, 
who had fine large specimens of Pteris hastata, arguta, 
and rotundifolia, Adiantum piibesccns, Asplenium vivi- 
parum, and Lygodium scandens ; and by M. J. Thomp- 
son, gardener to Dr. Neill, Canonmills Cottage, who 
produced excellent plants of Adiantum Capillus-Veneris, 
A. pedatum, Trichomanes brevisetum, Asplenium filx- 
femina monstrosa, A. fontanum, and A. alternifolium. 
Messrs. Dicksons & Co., of Leith Walk ; J. Dickson & 
Sons, Inverleith Nru-series ; P. Lawson & Son, Golden 
Acres ; Downie & Laii-d, West Coates ; Carstairs, Wanis- 
ton Lodge ; and Stark, Edgchill Nursery, sent various 
collections of plants. Mr. Sjjary, nurseryman, Isle of 
Wight, sent a beautiful Double Pansy, named Prince 
Arthur. From the garden of Lady Hay, King's Mea- 
2o 
