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GARDEN HINTS FOR AMATEURS. 
segments scaly. — A'somewhat heterogeneous assemblage of species is arranged under this genus, which contains 
nearly half of the Cyatheoe. In habit and general appearance they resemble Cyathea, but differ from them by not 
having a cup-shaped indusium. In those species "which have the sori naked, there is a considerable analogy to 
Polypodium, from which they are not easily determined by small fragments in herbaria, although in a living state 
they are easily recognized by their arborescent habit, and usually compressed spore-cases with an elevated 
sporangiferous receptacle. Fig. 81 represents a pinnule of A. articulata (full size), with a sorus divided vertically 
and a little magnified, showing the elevated receptacle. 
1. A. an.stralis, B. Brown. — An ornamental evergreen warm greenhouse fern, a native of New Holland and 
Van Diemen's Land. Fronds glabrous, ovate-lanceolate, three to four feet long, bipinnate, pale green; pinnules 
linear-acuminate, pinnatifid, with rather ovate-acute, slightly falcate segments, entire at the margin. Stipes and 
rachis muricate, scaly at the base ; terminal, adherent to an arborescent caudex. 
2. A. articulata, J. Smith. — A noble evergreen stove species, from Jamaica. Fronds broadly lanceolate, bi- 
pinnate, six to eight feet long, deep green ; pinnules lanceolate, deeply pinnatifid, and, as well as the pinnse, arti- 
culate with the rachis, scattered over with small brown scales beneath ; segments oblong-linear, slightly falcate, 
coriaceous, and crenulate at the margin. Eachis and stipes aculeate, scaly ; terminal, adherent to an erect, often 
branching caudex, the tallest in cultivation being five feet high. 
3. A. capensis, J. Smith (Hemitelia, S. Brown; Ampbicosmia riparia, Gardner). — An ornamental evergreen 
warm greenhouse fern, from the Cape of Good Hope. Fronds glabrous, ovate-lanceolate, bipinnate, three and a 
half feet long, light green ; pinna? lanceolate, slightly winged ; pinnules linear-acuminate, deeply pinnatifid, with 
oblong-linear, acute, bluntly dentate segments. Stipes with scales at the base, some being scattered on the rachis ; 
terminal, adherent to an erect arborescent caudex. At the base of the stipes a very singular development is often 
found in the form of a fascicle of deformed or filiform pinnae, which cover the apex of the caudex, and so much 
resemble a species of Trichomanes, that Kaulfuss, in his Enumeratio Filicum, has described it as belonging to that 
genus, though with a query, naming it Trichomanes (?) cormophyllum. 
i. A. fcrox, Presl. — A very rough-looking evergreen stove Fern, a native of South America, Jamaica, and 
other West Indian Islands. Fronds glabrous, broadly lanceolate, five to seven feet long, bipinnate ; pinnules 
linear-lanceolate, rather membranous, deeply pinnatifid, with linear-oblong, slightly-falcate, rather acute 
segments, serrate at the margin. Eachis, stipes, and midrib of pinna; aculeate. Fronds terminal, adherent to an 
erect, often branching caudex ; the tallest of which in cultivation is four feet high. Indusium very small, 
hair-like. 
5. A. villosa, Presl (not Kztme ; Cyathea villosa, Humboldt ; Chnoophora Humboldti, Kaulfuss). — A beautiful 
evergreen stove species, from Columbia. Fronds broadly lanceolate, five to seven feet long, bi-sub-tri-pinnate, 
lightish green, and covered throughout with narrow scales and hairs ; pinnules linear-acuminate, about four 
inches long, pinnatifid, with oblong slightly falcate segments, blunt at the apex and entire at the margin. Stipes 
and rachis aculeate, scaly ; terminal, adherent to a stout caudex, about a foot high. Indusium lacerated, 
hair-like. 
6. A.pruinata, Kaulfuss (Polypodium pruinatum, Sivartz). — A beautiful evergreen stove Fern, from Jamaica, 
Brazil, and Chili. Fronds ovate-lanceolate, tri-quadri-pinnate, from four to six feet long, light green above and 
glaucous beneath ; ultimate segments linear-oblong, acute, pinnatifid, deeurrent at the base, slightly falcate, and 
acutely lobed. Eachis and stipes clothed with soft woolly hairs, which are more or less scattered throughout the 
whole frond ; terminal, adherent to a branching caudex, the tallest being about two feet high. 
(0ntirE lints for Sltmtirars. 
NOVEMBER. 
WHERE alterations in any of the departments of the garden are contemplated, now is the time to 
commence them, so that the -work may be performed -while the weather is suitable and before the 
earth is locked up by frost. Few objects are more unsightly in a gentleman's garden than an uneven 
lawn, or one upon which the grass is what is termed patchy, that is, where rough tufts of couch or 
other coarse grasses grow out from among the finer kinds and impart a ragged appearance to the 
surface. Not less objectionable is a lawn that burns in patches in dry weather, some parts being quite 
green and others as brown as the gravel walks. Burning arises from insufficient nutriment in the 
soil, or from the good soil being deeper in some places than in others. About suburban villa residences 
it is not unusual for the builders to get rid of brick or any other rubbish after building by burying it 
in the garden, coating the same over with soil, and hence, if the ground is levelled and laid down with 
grass without trenching, the defect before referred to will soon present itself in a very offensive manner. 
Our own plan of laying out a garden is as follows: — We first determine the surface level, and set to 
work at one end and trench the whole ground two to three feet deep, taking care to leave the bottom 
of each trench solid, and so that the soil that has been moved may be the same thickness over the 
whole area. When the whole has been trenched over, the men are set to " tread" it, that is, they walk 
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