220 
Analyses of Books. 
From Hartfina by Pit to Ghatah, distance eighteen miles, the country is much 
broken (latterly more so), and numerous small rounded hills were observed, exhi- 
biting at their surface vertical strata, chiefly of clay slate, but occasionally of quart* 
rock. The clay slate seemed to lean sometimes towards quartz rock, sometimes 
towards chlorite slate, which itself is found in small quantity. The beds of white 
quartz, which alternate with the slates, have a fissured appearance, as if consisting of 
a congeries of detached masses, varying in size from 2 or 3 inches to a foot in dia- 
meter, and closely packed together. About five miles before reaching Ghdtah, a hill 
of serpentine was observed. It was not stratified. It was of a greenish colour with a 
tinge of brown ; containing grains of magnetic iron ore disseminated. 
In the next 12 miles to Sagwara mica slate began to prevail, ils approach having; 
been announced in the preceding stage by scales of mica disseminated in the clay 
slate. This rock, noth alternations of quartz rock, continues for 22 miles, by Jariana 
to Jaitana. The quartz rock is often of a pure white, and at a distance when on the 
surface might be mistaken for snow. It is cither compact or coarse granular, the 
concretions being about the size of a bean. It is certainly stratified and conformably 
to the slates. Detached fragments of it are seen covering the face of the country, 
and frequently immense isolated blocks of several yards in diameter were seen top- 
ping the hills, and piled on each other, often in a very fantastic manner. Latterly 
mica and clay slates prevailed. 
Between Jaitana and Sahnnbhur, the mica slate passes into gneiss, in which beds 
of granite occur. The hills are generally ridge-shaped and sometimes peaked. In 
the beds of nullahs strata of cancar* were observed. These appear to be of some 
extent, occupying equally the highest and the lowest situations. It is sometimes 
soft and friable, sometimes more crystalline. It appears sometimes to convert the 
inferior slates into a calcareous rock by the infiltration of carbonate of lime in solu- 
tion, and the formation of calcareous spar. The gneiss continues over a very rough 
and uneven countryfor 21 miles beyond Salumbhur by Gingla, alternating with gra- 
nite, and containing beds of hornblende slate, which rock prevails towards Gingla. 
In a bed of it was observed a vein of quartz and felspar. Between Gingla and 
Kutawar several varieties of granite and gneiss occur, into the minute description of 
which our limits forbid us to enter. 
Similar modifications continue to Thanna, seven miles further, with others of 
hornblende rockf, and iri particular a gneiss in which hornblende replaced mica. 
Chlorite slate was also observed. 
The observations made in the vicinity of Udayapur arc deferred for the present, 
being meant to be included in a separate communication, the subject of which will 
he a description of the valley of Udayapur. 
V. On the Diamond Mines of Patina in Bundclkhund, by Captain James Franklin, 
1st Reg. B. C. pp. 100 to 1 22. 
The diamond mines of Panna arc confined entirely to the range called Bindachal 
which, like the neighbouring range, the Bandair hills, is composed of the new 
red sandstone, the subject of the preceding paper of this author. The dia- 
mond is found in a conglomerate, which is either pacca, i. e. a gritstone with a 
siliceous cement containing pebbles of ancient rocks, or it is cacha, and contains 
pebbles of more recent rocks in an argillaceous cement. It is also found in a su- 
perficial bed of la/cacra or red ironstone gravel, mixed with ferr uginous sand or clay. 
This gravel is water worn, and sometimes rounded like swan shot. It is sometimes 
covered by vegetable soil, sometimes by a bed of yellow clay containing particles of 
common cancar. In this latter case, being found to contain calcareous matter, it is 
termed padda. 
“ The pacca or rocky matrix is very limited, stretching generally from Camariva 
to Brijpfir along the course of the Bagin river. It is excavated at Camariya, Biji- 
pur, Bargari, Myra, and Etwa ; there is also a small deposit of it near the town of 
Panna,” and at Brijpfir. Of these the mines of Camariya and Panna are the most 
noted. At the former place they are fifteen feet deep, the strata of the new red 
sandstone lying on the rocky matrix of the diamond. At Panna they vary from 20 
to 50 feet in depth, the matrix being not more than a foot and a half. The Sake- 
riya mines are situated in the cacha or immature matrix. A shaft examined here 
* This rok has perhaps some analogy with the comstone of some of the En- 
glish counties. See Geol. Trans, vol. II. N. S. 
t Hornblende rock is stated to pass into greenstone, but is not greenstone essen- 
tially different by containing compact felspar (a mineral, by the bye, for which a 
name is wanted), which is seldom if ever found amongst any but overlying rocks ? 
