Asiatic Researches , Vul. XVII. Part I. 
225 
feet. Through this range there is but one good pass, termed Pra-song-ciiu by the 
Burmese, and Phra- chedu- 5am -on g by the Siamese, i. e. the pass of the three pago- 
das. It is in Latitude 15° IS' 00" N. Longitude 98° 22' 15" E. according to Cap- 
tain Grant’s observations. On the west the sea is the boundary partly, and partly 
the provinces of Chetang and Tham Pagfi. It may be computed to contain about 
twelve thousand square miles. 
The principal river is the Krung Mautama (of the Peguese) or Santien (of the 
Burmese) , which rises in a range of mountains to the northwest of Cheang Mai in 
Laos, passes within two or three days' journey of that capital, and after aturbulent 
course enters the plain country in 18° 20' N. Lat. It is joined at the Kakayet stock- 
ade by the l ien Zalen river, which flows from the Haphun hills lying in a north 
west direction. Eight or ten miles beyond the stockade, it has a bar of granite 
rocks across, and is not navigable to the smallest canoes. Hence it has a more 
tranquil course, and it joins the sea at the Khyet Kliami Pagoda. Opposite to 
Martaban, it may he about a mile in width. “ The other rivers are the Dang, Darni, 
Kyung, which joins it at Mahi Phra Pagoda ; the Gyen Kyung, which falls into it 
at Phra Pyfi or the white pagoda ; the Attaram or Attirjan, which enters it nearly 
opposite to the town of Martaban ; the Wakrfi Kyang, which disembogues near the 
Kyet Khami pagoda; and the Dang-wein-kyang, which pours itself into the gulf of 
Martaban. These are all navigable far inland by large boats.” 
The chief hills within the province are, part of the Tavoy range ; next, a short 
range running across one of the upper branches of the Attaram river ; the Jeu- 
kyet-plira-tang ; a high-peaked hill, fifteen or twenty miles to the westward of the 
town ; the Joga-beu-t4ng to the northward, and the two insulated hills called Dang- 
dami and Magin, Granite is the prevailing rock. The detached, abrupt rocks and 
hills that shoot up in the plain are composed of limestone. The potter's earth, of 
which the Pegu jars are made, is found in abundance near Martaban. Schistose 
strata occur in the neighbourhood. About fifty miles up the Attaram river, and 
within a mile of its eastern bank there is a hot fountain, the temperature of which 
is 136°, called Y6-bh (hot- water) by the Burmese. The diameter is thirty feet, and 
the depth considerable, the discharge about 20 gallons in a minute. A strong bub- 
bling appears in the middle. The deposit from it appears to be chiefly calcareous ; 
it is also slightly chalybeate. 
On the Sanlun river in a rich alluvial country, dwell the tribes of Khyens or 
Carians. They are a fine race of people, of much fairer complexions than the Peguese 
or Burmese, with whose deportment theirs favourably contrasts. 
Various details of limestone rocky hills are given, but at Kakayet stockade close 
to the hills granite again begins. Several specimens of regularly crystallized quartz 
were picked up. 
“ The Khyen-Ni or Red Karians, who inhabit the jungly and billy tract, stretch- 
ing from this place in a northerly direction, are of a very savage and warlike dis- 
position. They use thick buffalo-hide for armour, and fight with spears and poi- 
soned arrows.” 
The climate of Martaban appears temperate. The following averages will give an 
idea of it. 4 
7 a. m. 4 p , m % 
Fifteen days in May, 78 82 
Twenty-five days in June, 72 78* 
Forty- two days, 1st July to 14th Aug w 77 80 
In conclusion, Captain Low observes : “ From all that has been here stated, it 
would seem, that granite forms the basis of all the continuous ranges of hills on the 
coasts I have described ; that a bold and marked lime (-stone) formation runs parallel 
to these ranges, but that this is occasionally interrupted, as far as can be judged of 
from an exajni nation merely of the surface ; that schist is of very frequent occur- 
rence ; and that tin in shape of an oxyd, and invariably associated with the granitic 
hills or formed (found?) in their vicinity,” and iroD,are the principal metals through- 
out this wide range. 
VIII. Description of the North-western Coal District , stretching along the River 
Damoda , from the Neighbourhood of Jeria or Jeriagerh to below Sanampur , in the 
Fergana of Sheargerh , By the late Mr. Jones of Calcutta , pp. 1G3 to 170. 
IX. Examination and Analysis of some Specimens of Iron Ore from Bur dw an. 
Bf H. Piddington, Esq. pp . 171 to 177. 
* In the text 73°; we suppose a mistake for 78°. 
