271 
1829.] On the Scale of Temperature. 
to that by the common sucking pump in a proportion of two to one, to that of 
baling as four to one. 
I shall conclude by re assembling here in a table the several particulars contained 
in your correspondent’s letter and in mine, for future comparison and discussion. 
TABLE 
Showing the force exerted in different hinds of human labour , as valued by the number 
of maunds raised 10 feet per diem . 
Country. 
England. 
France. 
Bengal. 
Hin- 
dustan. 
:) 
Kind of Labour, 
I. Raising Weight vertically, 
A stout young man, loaded with 30 lbs . working the 
Plunger kuuip, .. 5000 
Maximum of man’s force, . . 4000 
A feeble old man, . . 3000 
Mounting stairs without load, .. lbOO 
foisting a pile-driver, . . 6G0 
.tamping coin, .. 345 
Hoisting water, from a well, in buckets, .. 630 
Turning a wheel and pinion or winch, .. 1000 
Digging the ground, . . 850 
Baling, most favourable estimate, 450 
Ditto, average of 6, .. 410 
Puuipin % (square pumps,) . . «. 810 
Do. (round pumps,) .. 800 
Raising water in leather bags, . . . . 373 
Baling, .. .. .. ..500 
Carrying bricks up a ladder, .. .. 144 
Hoisting the same by a windlass, . . . . 360 
2. Horizontal Conveyance. Mds.c. 100ft 
Walking without a load, .. .. .. 3080 
Ditto with a maximum load, (150) . . 1760 
Quantityof work done exclusive of man’sown weight, 610 
Wheeling in barrows, ... .. .. 900 
Palki bearers (exclusive of their own weight) ... 264 
Palladars employed in carrying grain, . . . . 554 
Pesraj carrying stones, . . . . . . 554 
Authority. 
Robison. 
Desagulier. 
Robison. 
Coulomb. 
Q 
P. 
VIII . — On the Scale of Temperature. 
It is a curious fact, and full of interesting considerations, the greater specific heat 
of water at low temperatures. Is it an anomaly which holds only with regard to 
water, or is it true of every substance, as is the opinion of a writer in the Annals of 
Philosophy ? On the 2d vol. No. 5 of that work, p. 100, there is an account of some 
experiments which appear conclusive as to the fact with regard to mercury. Yet 
M. Dulong and Petit's experiments have been thought to establish the contrary 
conclusion. Whether the mistakes they have fallen into, and which have been point- 
ed out by Mr. Crichton of Glasgow, will account for this difference of conclusion, I 
find it impossible to determine, not having the particulars of their experiments to 
refer to. It is however difficult to understand how the writer in question could 
have been deceived in the particulars he records : he mixed two portions ot mercury', 
having the temperatures 348.9 and 31, and he found the temperature of the mixture 
179.3 or 100.7 below the arithmetical mean. 
