92 Peruvian Antiquities . ^January, 
merly worked by the Indians, who left excavations 200 and 
300 feet deep, and must have taken out quantities of silver. 
A company with a paid-up capital of half a million is now 
working them. 
Leaving the valley at 78 miles from the coast, you zigzag 
up the mountain side 7000 feet, then descend 2000, to arrive 
at Cajamarca, or Coxamalca of Pizarro’s time. Here and 
there all the way you find relics of the past. In a yard off 
one of the main streets, and near the centre of the city, is 
still standing the house made famous as the prison of 
Atahualpa, and which he promised to fill with gold as high 
as he could reach, in exchange for his liberty. Like all 
their stonework, the walls are slightly inclined inward, un- 
cemented, built of irregular stones, each exadtly faced to fit 
the next. The floor and porch are cut out of the solid 
stone, 2 and 3 feet deep, as the still intadt remnants of 
stone pillars of the same rock show. The hill from which 
the stone for the walls was taken is near by. On its top a 
large stone in the shape of a chair bears the name of 
“ Inca’s chair,” and the Indians say it was the king’s custom 
to sit here every morning and salute the sun as it rose above 
the horizon. The two large places excavated out of the 
rock on the hill-side, and now used as reservoirs for the 
city, were of ancient make. Three miles distant, and across 
the valley, are the hot springs, where the Inca was encamped 
when Pizarro took possession of Cajamarca. Part of the 
wall is of unknown make (that encloses the baths). Ce- 
mented, the cement is harder than the stone itself. At 
Chocofan, 9 miles from Pacasmayo, on the line of the rail- 
road, a barren, rocky mountain, 1200 feet high, is encircled 
400 feet from its top by a stone wall 8 or 10 feet high. 
From its northern side, running nearly north-west, is about 
5 miles of the coast road of the Incas. Perfectly straight, 
it is 20 feet wide, and walled on both sides by round stones 
piled to a height of 3 and 4 feet, 3 feet wide at the base 
and 2 at the top, uncemented. At Chepen, a station near 
the terminus of the branch of the Pacasmayo Railroad, is 
a mountain with a wall in many places 20 feet high, the 
summit being almost entirely artificial. In the sand at its 
base is one of Peru’s most extensive “ huacas,” and from 
which some of the finest pottery and ornaments have been 
taken. 
Fifty miles south of Pacasmayo, between the seaport of 
Huanchaco and Truxillo, 9 miles distant, are the ruins of 
“ Chan Chan,” the capital city of the Chimoa kingdom, 
which extended, when conquered by the Incas, from Supe 
